Thymol, a dietary monoterpene phenol abrogates mitochondrial dysfunction in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting oxidative stress

Meeran, Mohamed Fizur Nagoor; Jagadeesh, Govindan Sangaran; Selvaraj, Palanisamy

doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2015.12.006

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Transmission electron microscopic study on heart mitochondria confirmed the biochemical findings of the study. This study revealed the ability of thymol in protecting the heart mitochondria against ISO induced oxidative stress in rats (Nagoor Meeran et al, 2016b). …”

Section: Thymol In Cardiometabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Thymol was shown to exhibit potent superoxide anion, hydroxyl and DPPH radical scavenging and reducing capacity in a concentration dependent manner (Nagoor Meeran and Prince, 2012; Nagoor Meeran et al, 2015b, 2016b). Thymol possesses SOD like activity in removing superoxide radicals in vitro (Kruk et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thymol (24.7 mg/kg) attenuated aflatoxin-induced oxidative stress in male rats due to its potent antioxidant activity (El-Nekeety et al, 2011). Thymol (7.5 mg/kg) has been shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation, glycation, dyslipidemia, inflammation, ionic homeostasis malfunction and apoptosis by virtue of its potent antioxidant property (Nagoor Meeran and Prince, 2012; Nagoor Meeran et al, 2014, 2015b,c, 2016b). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thymol, chemically known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol is a colorless crystalline monoterpene phenol. It is one of the most important dietary constituents in thyme species. For centuries, it has been used in traditional medicine and has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic and antitumor activities. The present article presents a detailed review of the scientific literature which reveals the pharmacological properties of thymol and its multiple therapeutic actions against various cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological, gastrointestinal, metabolic and malignant diseases at both biochemical and molecular levels. The noteworthy effects of thymol are largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory (via inhibiting recruitment of cytokines and chemokines), antioxidant (via scavenging of free radicals, enhancing the endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and chelation of metal ions), antihyperlipidemic (via increasing the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the circulation and membrane stabilization) (via maintaining ionic homeostasis) effects. This review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting thymol’s therapeutic activity and the challenges concerning its use for prevention and its therapeutic value as a dietary supplement or as a pharmacological agent or as an adjuvant along with current therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. It is one of the potential candidates of natural origin that has shown promising therapeutic potential, pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms as well as pharmacokinetic properties for the pharmaceutical development of thymol.

show abstract

Section: Thymol In Cardiometabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Injury to mitochondrial ultrastructure and function occurs during early ischaemia and progresses during sustained ischaemia. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in myocardial ischaemia [4], with phenotypes including decreased mitochondrial metabolic enzymes and ATP content and opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), which results in a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca 2+ uptake, leading to apoptosis or necrosis [5,6]. Importantly, mitochondrial function relies heavily on changes to mitochondrial ultrastructure and morphology-the phenomenon of mitochondrial dynamics [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagal nerve stimulation improves mitochondrial dynamics via an M₃ receptor/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial ischaemia

Xue

Sun

et al. 2016

J Cellular Molecular Medi

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mitochondrial dynamics—fission and fusion—are associated with ischaemic heart disease (IHD). This study explored the protective effect of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) against isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced myocardial ischaemia in a rat model and tested whether VNS plays a role in preventing disorders of mitochondrial dynamics and function. Isoproterenol not only caused cardiac injury but also increased the expression of mitochondrial fission proteins [dynamin‐related peptide1 (Drp1) and mitochondrial fission protein1 (Fis‐1)) and decreased the expression of fusion proteins (optic atrophy‐1 (OPA1) and mitofusins1/2 (Mfn1/2)], thereby disrupting mitochondrial dynamics and leading to increase in mitochondrial fragments. Interestingly, VNS restored mitochondrial dynamics through regulation of Drp1, Fis‐1, OPA1 and Mfn1/2; enhanced ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential; reduced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening; and improved mitochondrial ultrastructure and size. Furthermore, VNS reduced the size of the myocardial infarction and ameliorated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction induced by ISO. Moreover, VNS activated AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), which was accompanied by phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase β (CaMKKβ) during myocardial ischaemia. Treatment with subtype‐3 of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) antagonist 4‐diphenylacetoxy‐N‐methylpiperidine methiodide or AMPK inhibitor Compound C abolished the protective effects of VNS on mitochondrial dynamics and function, suggesting that M3R/CaMKKβ/AMPK signalling are involved in mediating beneficial effects of VNS. This study demonstrates that VNS modulates mitochondrial dynamics and improves mitochondrial function, possibly through the M3R/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway, to attenuate ISO‐induced cardiac damage in rats. Targeting mitochondrial dynamics may provide a novel therapeutic strategy in IHD.

show abstract

“…The dephosphorylated NFAT will translocate to the promoter of the gene involved in oxidative metabolism in the nucleus to promote the transformation of glycolytic muscle fibres to oxidative muscle fibres in skeletal muscle (Ehlers, Celona, & Black, ; Lomonosova, Turtikova, & Shenkman, ; Pfluger et al, ). Recent studies have shown that thymol can also attenuate the oxidative stress and calcium uniporter malfunction to maintain mitochondrial function in rats (Nagoor Meeran, Jagadeesh, & Selvaraj, ) probably by regulating calcium homeostasis. Therefore, we hypothesize that thymol regulates skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism and transformation of muscle fibre types through the Ca 2+ /Calcineurin pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary thymol supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fibre type switch in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs

Luo

Zhao

et al. 2020

Animal Physiology Nutrition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As one of the key points related to meat quality, skeletal muscle fibre type is determined by energy metabolism and genetic factors, but its transformation could be also greatly influenced by many factors. Thymol, the primary effective ingredients of thyme, is well known for its anti‐oxidation and anti‐inflammatory, while little is known about its effect on skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism and fibre type switch. Therefore, in order to investigate its effects and possibility to be applied in livestock production, 36 150‐day‐old fattening Pigs were fed with different diet for six‐week experiment. As a result, the drip loss ratio of longissimus dorsi (LD) was significantly reduced (p < .05). Oxidative metabolism‐related enzyme activity, the mRNA levels and protein expression of COX5B and PGC1α, mRNA level of myosin heavy chain I (MyHC I) and protein level of MyHC IIa were significantly upregulated (p < .05). While compared with control group, the protein expression of MyHC IIb was significantly decreased (p < .05). The result revealed that thymol could promote the oxidative metabolism in the muscle of pigs and improve the meat quality to a certain extent.

show abstract

Thymol, a dietary monoterpene phenol abrogates mitochondrial dysfunction in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting oxidative stress

Cited by 47 publications

References 47 publications

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

Vagal nerve stimulation improves mitochondrial dynamics via an M₃ receptor/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial ischaemia

Dietary thymol supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fibre type switch in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Thymol, a dietary monoterpene phenol abrogates mitochondrial dysfunction in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting oxidative stress

Cited by 47 publications

References 47 publications

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

Vagal nerve stimulation improves mitochondrial dynamics via an M3 receptor/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial ischaemia

Dietary thymol supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fibre type switch in longissimus dorsi of finishing pigs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Vagal nerve stimulation improves mitochondrial dynamics via an M₃ receptor/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway in isoproterenol‐induced myocardial ischaemia