Thymol attenuates altered lipid metabolism in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting tachycardia, altered electrocardiogram, apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy

Meeran, Mohamed Fizur Nagoor; Jagadeesh, Govindan Sangaran; Selvaraj, Palanisamy

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2015.01.013

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The combination of carvacrol and thymol reduced the oxidative stress by their potent antioxidant activity [39]. It has been shown that thymol attenuates apoptosis and lipid peroxidation [40, 41]. After determination of essential oil of rosemary, we found that the main components were 1,8-cineole and camphor, and these results are in quite agreement with those reported by Boutekedjiret et al [42] and Sienkiewicz et al [43].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Impact of Thyme and Rosemary on Prevention of Osteoporosis in Rats

Elbahnasawy

Valeeva

El-Sayed

et al. 2019

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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Osteoporosis poses an important public health problem which affects millions of people worldwide. There is a direct link between calcium deficiency in diet and induction of osteoporosis and bone loss. The current study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) against osteoporosis in rats with low calcium intake. Essential oils of rosemary and thyme were analyzed. The experiment was carried out on growing male Sprague–Dawley rats; the experimental animals were divided into 5 groups: 1, control negative was fed standard balanced diet; 2, control positive was fed balanced diet with low calcium level (L Ca) (Ca 0.1% w/w); 3, (L Ca) + thyme powder (5% w/w); 4, (L Ca) + rosemary powder (5% w/w); 5, (L Ca) + orally administration with CaCO3 (27 mg/kg body weight). Blood samples were collected for different biochemical analyses in plasma (calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), parathyroid hormone (PTH), C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), and 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3). Femur mass, length, and bone mineral density (BMD) were recorded, and histopathological studies for femurs were examined. Low-calcium diet induced osteoporotic changes in positive control rats (decrease in Ca, vitamin D3, and BMD and increase in CTX, PTH, TNF-α, CRP, and MDA). Supplementation with thyme and rosemary inhibited significantly the development of bone loss, increased Ca and vitamin D3 in plasma, improved BMD, and also prevented the inflammation and oxidative stress (improved TNF-α, CRP and MDA) compared to the positive control. The histopathological examination of treated groups showed an improvement in bone histology and protection against bone loss. However, thyme powder showed more effective impact than rosemary. Our study demonstrates that thyme and rosemary effectively mitigated calcium deficiency-induced bone loss and maybe considered as promising candidates for preventing bone resorption and osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The Impact of Thyme and Rosemary on Prevention of Osteoporosis in Rats

Elbahnasawy

Valeeva

El-Sayed

et al. 2019

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

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“…(Nagoor Meeran et al, 2015b). Thymol isolated from essential oils of Lippia gracilis leaves has been shown to inhibit carrageenan-induced edema formation in the paws (administered at the dose of 200 mg/kg) similar to the activity of positive control acetylsalicylic acid (300 mg/kg) (Mendes et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

et al. 2017

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Thymol, chemically known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol is a colorless crystalline monoterpene phenol. It is one of the most important dietary constituents in thyme species. For centuries, it has been used in traditional medicine and has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties including antioxidant, free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antispasmodic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiseptic and antitumor activities. The present article presents a detailed review of the scientific literature which reveals the pharmacological properties of thymol and its multiple therapeutic actions against various cardiovascular, neurological, rheumatological, gastrointestinal, metabolic and malignant diseases at both biochemical and molecular levels. The noteworthy effects of thymol are largely attributed to its anti-inflammatory (via inhibiting recruitment of cytokines and chemokines), antioxidant (via scavenging of free radicals, enhancing the endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and chelation of metal ions), antihyperlipidemic (via increasing the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing the levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the circulation and membrane stabilization) (via maintaining ionic homeostasis) effects. This review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting thymol’s therapeutic activity and the challenges concerning its use for prevention and its therapeutic value as a dietary supplement or as a pharmacological agent or as an adjuvant along with current therapeutic agents for the treatment of various diseases. It is one of the potential candidates of natural origin that has shown promising therapeutic potential, pharmacological properties and molecular mechanisms as well as pharmacokinetic properties for the pharmaceutical development of thymol.

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“…MI is a foremost public health concern and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world and even in China. As yet, morbidity and mortality due to MI have reached epidemic proportions, accounting for 16.7 million deaths/year worldwide [2].Moreover, MI can also cause other obvious symptoms, such as myocardial fibrosis [3] and cardiac hypertrophy [4]. The specific mechanism involving MI have proved to be associated with oxidative stress [5], apoptosis [6], and inflammation [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial potency of Caesalpinia bonducella Linn. on doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction in albino rats

Nayagam¹,

Gunasekaran²,

Rangarajan³

et al. 2019

Clin Phytosci

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Objective: Caesalpinia bonducella L. is well known and extremely valuable herb in ayurvedic system of medicine. The present study is aimed to design the evaluation of aqueous extract of Caesalpinia bonducella L. on doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction in wistar strains of albino rats of both sex. Materials and methods: The experimental animals are divided in to 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I (Normal Control), Group II (Negative Control, 2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.), Group III (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + AECB (150 mg/kgbw), Group IV (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + AECB (300 mg/kgbw), Group V (2.5 mg/kgbw of Doxorubicin i.p.) + standard drug (Propranolol 5 mg/kgbw). Doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction was confirmed by disturbances in levels of cardiac markers (Lactate Dehydrogenase, Troponin-T, Creatine Kinase-MB Isoenzyme, Creatine Phosphokinase), nucleic acid contents (DNA and RNA), Challenged levels of Membrane bound enzymes such as Na+/K + ATPase, Ca2 + ATPase and Mg2 + ATPase, Decreased tissue protein and altered lipid profile markers. Results: Doxorubicin induced rats significantly showed increase in the activities of LDH, CK-MB, CPK, Troponin-T, nucleic acids, membrane bound enzymes, lipid profiles and decrease in the serum HDL. Treatment with AECB simultaneously at two different doses such as 150 mg/kg bw, 300 mg/kg bw prevented the leakage of myocardium markers and altered the levels of Protein, DNA, RNA and membrane bound enzymes. The AECB prevented the altered variations in Cholesterol, Triacylglycerols, Phospholipids and Free Fatty Acids. This extract also brought back the levels of Lipoproteins like HDL, LDL and VLDL which were varied in disease control animals. Conclusion: The present study concludes that AECB is effective in controlling the cardiac markers and lipid levels which could be due to its ability to maintain the membrane stability and repair the myocardial damage.

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Thymol attenuates altered lipid metabolism in β-adrenergic agonist induced myocardial infarcted rats by inhibiting tachycardia, altered electrocardiogram, apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy

Cited by 40 publications

References 54 publications

The Impact of Thyme and Rosemary on Prevention of Osteoporosis in Rats

The Impact of Thyme and Rosemary on Prevention of Osteoporosis in Rats

Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development

Myocardial potency of Caesalpinia bonducella Linn. on doxorubicin induced myocardial infarction in albino rats

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