Thyroid Cancer Epidemiology in Iran: a Time Trend Study

Abstract

Background: Considering the rising incidence of thyroid cancer worldwide, the aim of our study was to investigate the temporal trends in the incidence of this cancer in a large population of Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: We used the Iran Cancer Data System (ICDS) Registry to assess the thyroid cancer trend from 2004 to 2010 with regard to different genders, age groups, and morphologies. To do this we analyzed the data of 10,913 new cases of thyroid cancer that occurred during these years. Results: The incidence rate (per one year) of thyroid cancer was 2.20 per 100,000 persons between 2004 and 2010 in Iran. Papillary thyroid cancer was the most common histology type, with an annual rate of 0.29 in Iran. The highest rate of prevalence in thyroid cancer was observed at the age of 45 years at the time of diagnosis. We found a female-to-male ratio of 2 in Iran. A significant decrease was detected in the trend of thyroid cancer in children <19y, which was not correlated to the trend of older patients. Conclusions: As expected, the trend of thyroid cancer increased over the 7 years, primarily contributed by papillary thyroid cancer. A rising pattern of incidence was seen in all the age groups except patients aged under 19 years.

Thyroid Cancer in Isfahan Province, Iran; Prevalence and Demographic Characteristics

“…In this study, the mean age of patients with thyroid cancer was 41.9 years. This is comparable with a previous study of the Iranian population that reported a mean age of 45 years (4). A study performed in Isfahan, Iran, reported the prevalence of thyroid incidentaloma as 13.2% that was more prevalent in females than in males (21).…”

“…In agreement with previous publications, the current study showed a higher period prevalence in females with a value of 49.3 than in males with a value of 13.3 (per 100000 persons), with a significant difference (chi-squared test; P < 0.001). Safavi et al in 2016 reported a female-male ratio of 2 (4). In this study, the PP was 3.7 times higher in females than in males.…”

“…Regarding the Iranian population from 2004 to 2010, a total number of 10913 new cases of thyroid cancer in the age range of 7 to 90 years were reported. The data indicate an incidence rate of 2.20 per 100,000 persons in Iran, with the papillary form as the most common type of thyroid cancer (4). Regarding the reported increase in thyroid cancer, it is not clear whether this rise is due to the in-creased use of thyroid sonography and sono-guided fineneedle aspiration cytology or because of a true rise in thyroid cancer (5).…”

Liquid Biopsy in Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma

“…Thyroid cancer is relatively infrequent malignancy, which accounts for about 1-5% of the cancer cases in women and less than 2% in men [1]. Although, it is one of the most common cancer among endocrine malignancies accounting for more than 95% of new cases in the United States [2,3], according to American Cancer Society, thyroid cancer in the United States in 2019 is estimated to be about 53,070 new cases (40,260 in men and 37,810 in woman), and more than 2000 people will die from the disease [3].…”

“…As well as in the rest of the world, the incidence of thyroid cancer has increased threefold over the past 30 years and is expected to increase by 50-60% between 2010 and 2020 [3][4][5]. The increase in thyroid cancer incidence rates could be explained by thyroid ultrasound screening with improved technical performance of the equipment, as well as better access to medical examination [1,6].…”