Thyroid Function In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and in Diabetic Nephropathy

S, Rai; Kumar, Jitendra; Sk, Shetty; T, Rai; Shrinidhi,; Begum, Mst. Marium; Shashikala,

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2013/6216.3299

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…21 Further, Prasad et al, 22 reported the 23% prevalence of hypothyroidism and 10% of hyperthyroidism with marked increase in level of TSH among diabetic patients with hypothyroidism with significant change in level of T3, T4 and TSH among cases and controls. 22 The published results from Rai et al, 23 further supported our findings with decreased serum T3 and T4 and increased TSH levels in T2 diabetics without any complications. 24,25 Further support for our findings is found among the recent studies that have shown that diabetic patients with nephropathy may be complicated by primary hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Clinical Evidence of Association Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism with Therapeutic Relevance—An Observational Study

Gurunath¹,

Koyyada²,

Krishna³

et al. 2019

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology

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Background: Thyroid disorder and diabetes are associated endocrine disorders. Patients with either one of the disorders are at great risk of developing the other. The coexistence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypothyroidism with clinical evidence of effect on one another has not been reported until today. Methods: This prospective study involved 702 patients. Each participant's blood sugar levels and thyroid profiles were statistically analyzed using unpaired t-test. Results: The incidence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in diabetic patients was 20.2% and 1.71% respectively, while the incidence of type-1 diabetes mellitus and T2DM in thyroid dysfunction patients was 0.56% and 19.03% respectively. The mean fasting blood sugars and postprandial blood sugar levels, triiodothyronine, thyroxine and Thyroid stimulating hormone levels of hypothyroid patients with T2DM (

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Clinical Evidence of Association Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism with Therapeutic Relevance—An Observational Study

Gurunath¹,

Koyyada²,

Krishna³

et al. 2019

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology

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“…and Rai et al . [ 3 9 ] Thyroid hormones and insulin work antagonistically in cellular metabolism. Excess or deficit of anyone can result in functional derangement of the others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of thyroid function in type 2 diabetes in north-eastern part of India: A hospital-based study

Chutia

Bhattacharyya

Ruram

et al. 2018

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background:Diabetes mellitus (DM) and thyroid dysfunctions are the two most common endocrine disorders to come across in any clinical practice. Both thyroid hormones and insulin act antagonistically in metabolic pathways or cycles of cells. The aim of our study is to look for thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 DM and its correlation with insulin resistance (IR).Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out among 80 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and insulin were measured in fasting serum sample. Homeostasis model assessment for IR was calculated as per formula.Results:Among 80 diabetic patients, 20 were hypothyroid, 4 were hyperthyroid, and 56 were found to be euthyroid. IR was found to be significantly higher in hypothyroid as compared to euthyroid patients. A positive association was found between TSH and IR (r = 0.230) among hypothyroid patients though association was not significant. In hyperthyroid patients, a strong negative correlation (r = −0.94933) was found between TSH and IR, but no association was found among euthyroid patients.Conclusion:The inability to recognize the presence of thyroid hormone dysfunction may be one of the important causes of poor management of type 2 DM. Therefore, there is a need for routine assay of thyroid hormones in type 2 diabetic patients to improve the medical management as well as to reduce the morbidity in them.

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“…A small-scale study has shown that total triiodothyronine (TT3) level is significantly correlated with urine microalbumin levels. Unfortunately, whether or not thyroid hormones are within the normal range remains unclear in this study; FT3 levels also have not been detected [ 19 ]. To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to demonstrate that low FT3 levels are associated with DN in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Triiodothyronine Levels Are Associated with Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Yang

et al. 2015

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective. To investigate the association of thyroid function and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A total of 421 patients were included in this cross-sectional study. The following parameters were assessed: anthropometric measurements, fast plasma glucose, serum creatinine, lipid profile, HbA1c, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Patients with UACR of ≥30 mg/g were defined as those suffering from DN. Results. Of the 421 patients, 203 (48.2%) suffered from DN, and no difference was found between males and females. The patients with DN yielded significantly lower FT3 levels than those without DN (P < 0.01). The prevalence of DN showed a significantly decreasing trend across the three tertiles based on FT3 levels (59.6%, 46.4%, and 38.6%, P < 0.01). After adjustment for gender and age, FT3 levels were found to correlate positively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0.03) and negatively with UACR (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that FT3 level was independently associated with UACR (β = −0.18, t = −3.70, and P < 0.01). Conclusion. Serum FT3 levels are inversely associated with DN in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes, independent of traditional risk factors.

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Thyroid Function In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and in Diabetic Nephropathy

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Clinical Evidence of Association Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism with Therapeutic Relevance—An Observational Study

Clinical Evidence of Association Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism with Therapeutic Relevance—An Observational Study

Evaluation of thyroid function in type 2 diabetes in north-eastern part of India: A hospital-based study

Free Triiodothyronine Levels Are Associated with Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

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