Tidal Wetlands of the Hudson River Estuary

Kiviat, Erik; Findlay, Stuart E. G.; Nieder, William C.

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511550539.022

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…5, 7). We used the average ebb vs. flood POC levels observed each month multiplied by the tidal exchange values from Findlay et al (1998) Kiviat et al 2006), we estimate a net export of , 1800 Mg yr 21 POC from these ecosystems into the HRE, which is roughly equivalent to the estimated carbon flux by Howarth et al (1996) arrived at via an independent approach. Although this work highlighted the complex interactions between wetlands and main stem estuary within the HRE, in a broader context, our results underscore the effects that riparian zones may have on the particulate biogeochemistry of aquatic ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wetland‐driven shifts in suspended particulate organic matter composition of the Hudson River estuary, New York

Hunsinger

Mitra

Findlay

et al. 2010

Limnology & Oceanography

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Elemental carbon and nitrogen, stable isotopes, and lignin phenols were quantified for suspended particulate material exchanging between Tivoli Bays wetlands and the main stem of the freshwater-tidal Hudson River estuary (HRE) across a tidal cycle, seasonally in 2006 and monthly in 2007 during the ice-free portion of the year. Temporal shifts in organic matter (OM) composition ranged from 33.1 to 247.6 mg g 21 particulate organic carbon (POC), 234.7% to 227.2% stable carbon isotopic signature of POC (d 13 C POC ), 23.6% to 13.6% nitrogen isotopic signature of particulate nitrogen (d 15 N PN ), and 0.8 to 25.0 mg per 100 mg OC lignin phenols. From May to August, the wetlands transferred abundant (up to 247.6 mg g 21 ), chemically distinctive (d 13 C POC as depleted as 234.7%) particulate OM to the HRE, particularly Tivoli South Bay. We estimated a net export of . 60 Mg km 22 yr 21 POC from Tivoli Bays into the HRE. Mixing model iterations indicated that planktonic OM was the dominant source (50% to 86%) during summertime, while contributions from allochthonous and planktonic OM during other seasons were roughly equivalent (, 38%). Taken together, both geochemical data and mixing modeling underscore the function and value of HRE tidal wetlands as major generators of compositionally unique and labile POC for the estuarine carbon budget. In a broader context, lateral aquatic connections with tidal wetlands at seasonal or localized scales may overshadow internal or upland influences on OM composition, production, and processing in estuaries; a latent but key consideration when deciphering temporal and longitudinal trends.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, tidal wetlands comprise , 29 km 2 land area (Kiviat et al 2006), or only about one-fourth of the tidal Hudson River surface area (Howarth et al 1996). These ecosystems, however, are suspected to be net sources of particulate organic carbon (POC) and capable of altering carbon fluxes downstream to the HRE (Arrigoni et al 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Wetland‐driven shifts in suspended particulate organic matter composition of the Hudson River estuary, New York

Hunsinger

Mitra

Findlay

et al. 2010

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…However, two culverts permit water and tidal exchange with the main channel of the Hudson River which has a tidal range of 1.2 m at North Tivoli Bay. The areas of freshwater tidal swamp located in the bay are thought to be wetlands formed before the railroad was constructed (Kiviat et al 2006).…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species richness has been found to increase with elevation as a general rule throughout Hudson River freshwater tidal wetlands (reviewed by Kiviat et al 2006). The purpose of this study was to characterize the microtopography of a freshwater tidal swamp of the Hudson River and to determine whether this microtopography influenced ecosystem function by affecting the hydrology, physicochemistry, and vegetative communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Microtopography on Hydrology, Physicochemistry, and Vegetation in a Tidal Swamp of the Hudson River

Courtwright

Findlay

2011

Wetlands

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Hudson River freshwater tidal swamps have dynamic flooding and oxygenation regimes due to daily tidal flushing. Microtopography, small scale differences in elevation, adds even more complexity to inundation patterns and may have important implications for nutrient flow and wetland plant communities. The objective of this study was to determine if differences in inundation between microtopographic features were sufficient to alter physical, chemical, and biological attributes. Microtopography significantly affected flooding duration and redox conditions. Hummocks had lower concentrations of soluble phosphate in their porewater probably due to differing depths of iron oxidation. Hummocks also had lower porewater ammonium concentrations which could be explained by higher plant uptake of nitrogen on hummocks or less ammonium being nitrified and subsequently denitrified in hollows due to lack of oxygen. Decomposition rates were slower in hollows perhaps due to lack of oxygen due to flooding or differing decomposer communities. Fewer herbaceous plant species were found in hollows compared to hummocks perhaps because of hollow's anoxic soils. Microtopography affects freshwater tidal swamp ecosystem function by affecting oxygen penetration, nutrient availability, rates of decomposition, and herbaceous plant species distributions.

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“…Classical biocontrol, thus, would foreclose the option of managing reedbeds on a goal-directed and site-specific basis (Kiviat 2010; see below).…”

Section: Implications For Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem services of Phragmites in North America with emphasis on habitat functions

Kiviat

2013

AoB Plants

109

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In North America, Phragmites australis (common reed) has generally been regarded as a weed to be controlled. This paper shows that Phragmites-dominated vegetation provides important non-habitat ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration, water quality maintenance) in proportion to its biomass, and many habitat functions for other organisms that vary depending on characteristics of the vegetation and surrounding landscape. Phragmites has both detrimental and beneficial functions; therefore decision-makers must clarify their management goals and understand the local situation. Extensive dense Phragmites may be managed to optimize ecosystem services by partial removal of biomass for a bioenergy feedstock.

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Tidal Wetlands of the Hudson River Estuary

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Wetland‐driven shifts in suspended particulate organic matter composition of the Hudson River estuary, New York

Wetland‐driven shifts in suspended particulate organic matter composition of the Hudson River estuary, New York

Effects of Microtopography on Hydrology, Physicochemistry, and Vegetation in a Tidal Swamp of the Hudson River

Ecosystem services of Phragmites in North America with emphasis on habitat functions

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