Tillage and cover crop species affect soil organic carbon in Andosol, Kanto, Japan

Higashi, Tatsuya; Yunghui, Mu; Komatsuzaki, Masakazu; Miura, Shigenori; Hirata, Toshiyuki; Araki, Hideki; Kaneko, Nobuhiro; Ohta, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1016/j.still.2013.12.010

Cited by 79 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…First, NTW showed an extremely higher amount of organic matter input through weed growth than a natural ecosystem. In the present study, the annual weed biomass was 6.09 Mg ha À1 on average in NTW across the 3 years, which is comparable with the winter rye biomass after fertilizer application but greater than the hairy vetch biomass (Higashi et al, 2014). Loreau et al (2002) and Tilman et al (2006) suggested that a higher diversity of plant species enhances the production of a stable biomass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching

Yagioka

Komatsuzaki

Kaneko

et al. 2015

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching

Yagioka

Komatsuzaki

Kaneko

et al. 2015

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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“…In the USA, the incorporation of hairy vetch as green manure in cereal, cotton and vegetable production resulted in a wide range of SOC accumulation of 0.2 to 2.7 t ha −1 yr −1 in topsoils (0 to 30 cm) in the first 3 to 7 years of the experiments (Sainju et al, 2002(Sainju et al, , 2003(Sainju et al, , 2005b. In Japan, C sequestration ranges from 0.6 to 1.0 t ha −1 yr −1 were found in topsoils (0 to 30 cm) by including hairy vetch as cover crop in rice and soybean cultivation under a humid subtropical climate (Higashi et al, 2014). General estimations of C sequestration rates in arable soils due to green manuring were also lower with a mean of 0.9 ± 1.3 C t ha −1 yr −1 (Balkcom et al, 2013;Jarecki and Lal, 2003).…”

Section: Increase Of Soc and Carbon Sequestration Potentialmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In Japan, C sequestration ranges from 0.6 to 1.0 t ha −1 yr −1 were found in topsoils (0 to 30 cm) by including hairy vetch as cover crop in rice and soybean cultivation under a humid subtropical climate (Higashi et al, 2014). General estimations of C sequestration rates in arable soils due to green manuring were also lower with a mean of 0.9 ± 1.3 C t ha −1 yr −1 (Balkcom et al, 2013;Jarecki and Lal, 2003). The high variation of the effect of green manuring on SOC sequestration is related to several environmental and management factors.…”

Section: Increase Of Soc and Carbon Sequestration Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of degraded arable steppe soils in Moldova using vetch as green manure

Wiesmeier

Lungu²,

Hübner

et al. 2015

Solid Earth

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Abstract. In the Republic of Moldova, non-sustainable arable farming led to severe degradation and erosion of fertile steppe soils (Chernozems). As a result, the Chernozems lost about 40 % of their initial amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). The aim of this study was to remediate degraded arable soils and promote carbon sequestration by implementation of cover cropping and green manuring in Moldova. Thereby, the suitability of the legume hairy vetch (Vicia sativa) as cover crop under the dry continental climate of Moldova was examined. At two experimental sites, the effect of cover cropping on chemical and physical soil properties as well as on yields of subsequent main crops was determined. The results showed a significant increase of SOC after incorporation of hairy vetch mainly due to increases of aggregateoccluded and mineral-associated OC. This was related to a high above-and belowground biomass production of hairy vetch associated with a high input of carbon and nitrogen into arable soils. A calculation of SOC stocks based on equivalent soil masses revealed a sequestration of around 3 t C ha −1 yr −1 as a result of hairy vetch cover cropping. The buildup of SOC was associated with an improvement of the soil structure as indicated by a distinct decrease of bulk density and a relative increase of macroaggregates at the expense of microaggregates and clods. As a result, yields of subsequent main crops increased by around 20 %. Our results indicated that hairy vetch is a promising cover crop to remediate degraded steppe soils, control soil erosion and sequester substantial amounts of atmospheric C in arable soils of Moldova.

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“…Our analysis is consistent with the results obtained by Nascente et al (2013), who demonstrated that the use of CC, such as millet, increased C concentrations in a cover crop-rice-cover crop-rice rotation in Brazil. Higashi et al (2014) also reported that the use of winter rye (Secale cereale) showed statistically higher SOC content than hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) used as CC in comparison with fallow. These differences in SOC in response to different CC species reported in the literature are probably due to the different quantity and quality of shoot and root biomass incorporated into the soil.…”

Section: Microbial Respiration and Soil Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

Chavarría

Verdenelli

Muñoz

et al. 2016

Span. j. agric. res.

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Agricultural systems where monoculture prevails are characterized by fertility losses and reduced contribution to ecosystem services. Including cover crops (CC) as part of an agricultural system is a promising choice in sustainable intensification of those demanding systems. We evaluated soil microbial functionality in cash crops in response to the inclusion of CC by analyzing soil microbial functions at two different periods of the agricultural year (cash crop harvest and CC desiccation) during 2013 and 2014. Three plant species were used as CC: oat (Avena sativa L.), vetch (Vicia sativa L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) which were sown in two different mixtures of species: oat and radish mix (CC1) and oat, radish and vetch mix (CC2), with soybean monoculture and soybean/corn being the cash crops. The study of community level physiological profiles showed statistical differences in respiration of specific C sources indicating an improvement of catabolic diversity in CC treatments. Soil enzyme activities were also increased with the inclusion of CC mixtures, with values of dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis up to 38.1% and 35.3% higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. This research evidenced that CC inclusion promotes soil biological quality through a contribution of soil organic carbon, improving the sustainability of agrosystems. The use of a CC mixture of three plant species including the legume vetch increased soil biological processes and catabolic diversity, with no adverse effects on cash crop grain yield.

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Tillage and cover crop species affect soil organic carbon in Andosol, Kanto, Japan

Cited by 79 publications

References 49 publications

Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching

Effect of no-tillage with weed cover mulching versus conventional tillage on global warming potential and nitrate leaching

Remediation of degraded arable steppe soils in Moldova using vetch as green manure

Soil microbial functionality in response to the inclusion of cover crop mixtures in agricultural systems

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