Tillage, crop residue and N fertilizer effects on crop yield, nutrient uptake, soil quality and nitrous oxide gas emissions in a second 4-yr rotation cycle

Malhi, S. S.; Lemke, R.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2007.06.011

Cited by 224 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

133

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Yields of crops under no-till vary, depending on crop species and weather conditions (e.g., Malhi and Lemke 2007). No-till often increases crop yields and water use efficiency under dry conditions, but can result in reduced yield under wet conditions (Azooz and Arshad 1998; Arshad et al 2002).…”

Section: Reducing Tillagementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thiessen Martens, J. R., Entz, M. H. and Wonneck, M. D. 2015. Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1049Á1072. Redesign of agricultural systems according to ecological principles has been proposed for the development of sustainable systems. We review a wide variety of ecologically based crop production practices, including crop varieties and genetic diversity, crop selection and rotation, cover crops, annual polyculture, perennial forages, perennial grains, agroforestry systems, reducing tillage, use of animal manures and green manures, soil biological fertility, organic production systems, integrated cropÁlivestock systems, and purposeful design of farm landscapes (farmscaping), and discuss their potential role in enhancing the profitability, environmental sustainability, and resilience of Canadian prairie cropping systems. Farming systems that most closely mimic natural systems through appropriate integration of diverse components, within a context of supportive social and economic structures, appear to offer the greatest potential benefits, while creating a framework in which to place all other farming practices. Our understanding of ecological relationships within agricultural systems is currently lacking, and a major shift in research, education, and policy will be required to purposefully and proactively redesign Canadian prairie agricultural systems for long-term sustainability.

show abstract

Section: Reducing Tillagementioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the adoption of high residue systems, additional evaluation of the N efficiency is needed, in relation to weather conditions, soil prop- erties, rotation and crop characteristics. Barley has low nitrogen requirements, usually less than 100 kg N ha -1 , so the rate of nitrogen application must be carefully calculated to avoid decreasing the yield or NO 3 -N leaching and N 2 O-N emission (Angas et al, 2006;Halvorson and Reule, 2007;Malhi and Lemke, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of No-Till, Conventional Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization on Physico-Chemical and Biological Indicators After Three Years of Monoculture Barley

Tabaglio¹,

Gavazzi²,

Menta³

2008

Ital J Agronomy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experimental trial was carried out over three years at Cavacurta (Po valley, Italy) on continuous barley. The soil was a coarse-loamy over sandy, mixed, mesic Fluventic Ustochrept. The experimental design was a split-plot with four replicates; the main factor was the soil management system (conventional tillage, CT, and no-tillage, NT), while the secondary factor was the nitrogen fertilization (N 0 = 0, N 1 = 50 and N 2 = 90 kg N ha -1 year -1 ). At the end of the third year soil samples were taken in all plots at four depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and 15-20 cm). For these samples, pH, organic matter, total N, available P and cation exchange capacity were determined. On the contrary, water aggregate stability was determined for a single layer (0-20 cm depth), excluding the N 1 level of fertilization. The biological indicator, QBS-ar index, was studied only in the layer 0-10 cm. Statistical analysis shows that no-till positively influenced all the indices except for CEC and QBS-ar. N fertilization had significant effects on CEC only; in the upper layer, the value in N 2 subplots was of approx. 1 cmol + kg -1 higher than in N 0 and N 1 subplots. There was no significant interaction for any of the indices. As regards only the 0-20 cm layer, the most important results are as follows. The organic matter content in NT plots was significantly higher than in CT plots (32.6 vs 29.8 g kg ). No-till also had a very clear effect on the Olsen-P (12.3 vs 9.3 mg kg -1 ). The most remarkable result was found for the water aggregate stability: for NT plots the value was 246% higher than for CT plots (34.3 vs 9.9%). As regards the microarthropod community, the value of the QBS-ar index was between 90 and 126, a typical range for soil under barley.

show abstract

“…The soil at both sites, particularly at Breton, was considered to be deficient in plant-available N for optimum crop growth and yield. Yield response of crops to N at these sites would support these statements, and therefore, the increase organic in C and N in soil, especially LFOC and LFON, was most likely due to the increase in crop yield with N fertilization, returning more organic C and/or N to the soil at higher N rates through crop residue including straw, chaff (Campbell et al, 1991;Nyborg et al, 1995;Malhi et al, 2006;Malhi & Lemke, 2007) and root mass (Lorenz, 1977;Malhi & Gill, 2002). The lower mass of soil C and N with S Rem than S Ret suggests that the practice of removing straw from fields for on-farm and industrial uses or to facilitate seeding operations may, in the long run, result in soil degradation or deterioration related to physical, chemical or biological properties, especially under CT Singh & Malhi, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Crop residues provide a source of organic matter, so when returned to soil the residues increase the storage of organic C and N in soil, whereas their removal results in a substantial loss of organic C and N from the soil system (Nuttall et al, 1986;Campbell et al, 1991Campbell et al, , 1998Nyborg et al, 1995;Solberg et al, 1997;Malhi et al, 2006;Malhi & Lemke, 2007). Similarly in our study after 32 years, the amounts of TOC, TON, LFOC and LFON in the 0-15 cm soil layer were greater with S Ret than S Rem treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

Dyck¹,

Malhi²,

Nyborg³

et al. 2016

SAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pre-seeding tillage of long-term no-till soil may alter soil quality by changing some properties, but the magnitude of change depends on soil type and climatic conditions. Effects of short-term (2 or 3 years) tillage (hereafter called reverse tillage [RT]) of land previously under long-term no-till (NT, 29 or 30 years), with straw management (straw removed [S Rem ] and straw retained [S Ret ]) and N fertilizer rate (0, 50 and 100 kg N ha -1 in S Ret , and 0 kg N ha -1 in S Rem plots) were determined in autumn 2011 on total organic C (TOC) and N (TON), light fraction organic C (LFOC) and N (LFON), and mineralizable N (N min ) in the 0-7.5, 7.5-15, or 15-20 cm soil layers at Breton (Gray Luvisol [Typic Cryoboralf] loam) and Ellerslie (Black Chernozem [Albic Argicryoll] loam), Alberta, Canada. Short-term RT following long-term NT had no significant negative effect on TOC and TON in soil at both sites, although these parameters tended to be slightly lower in the 0-7.5 cm soil layer with RT compared to NT. For the zero-N treatment, S Ret had greater TOC and TON compared to S Rem in both soil layers at both sites. On average, over both sites, TOC and TON in the 0-15 cm soil increased by 2.08 Mg C ha -1 and 0.216 Mg N ha -1 , respectively. Application of N fertilizer increased TOC and TON in both soil layers, up to the 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 7.96 Mg C ha -1 and 0.702 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil) and up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 5.11 Mg C ha -1 and 0.439 Mg N ha -1 in the 0-15 cm soil). In both RT and NT treatments, the effects of N rate on TOC and TON were similar for S Ret and S Rem. There was greater LFOC and LFON in the 7.5-15 cm soil layer with RT than NT at both sites. In the 0-15 cm soil layer, averaged over both sites, RT increased LFOC by 66 kg C ha -1 and LFON by 4.0 kg N ha -1 . In both 0-7.5 and 7.5-15 cm soil layers, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem. Averaged over both sites, the increase in LFOC and LFON in the 0-15 cm soil was 97 kg C ha -1 and 3.5 kg N ha -1 , respectively. Mass of LFOC and LFON increased dramatically in both soil layers with application of N fertilizer up to the 100 kg N ha -1 rate at both sites, with an average increase of 866 kg C ha -1 and 45.5 kg N ha -1 . In the zero-N treatment, LFOC and LFON increased with S Ret compared to S Rem under RT at Breton and under NT at Ellerslie. On average, tillage had no effect on N min in soil, but S Ret increased N min in soil in both RT and NT, with an average increase of 4.8 kg N ha -1 . Application of N fertilizer increased N min in the 0-20 cm soil up to 50 kg N ha -1 rate at Breton (by 13.7 kg N ha -1) and up to 100 kg N ha -1 rate at Ellerslie (by 18.6 kg N ha -1 ). In conclusion, RT had no effect on TOC, TON and N min in soil, but LFOC and LFON increased with RT compared to NT in the 7.5-15 cm layer at one site. S Ret and N fertilization usually had dramatic positive effects on TOC, TON, LFOC, LFON and N min in soil compared to the corresponding treatments.

show abstract

Tillage, crop residue and N fertilizer effects on crop yield, nutrient uptake, soil quality and nitrous oxide gas emissions in a second 4-yr rotation cycle

Cited by 224 publications

References 42 publications

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

Review: Redesigning Canadian prairie cropping systems for profitability, sustainability, and resilience

The Influence of No-Till, Conventional Tillage and Nitrogen Fertilization on Physico-Chemical and Biological Indicators After Three Years of Monoculture Barley

Effects of Short-term Tillage of a Long-term No-Till Land on Quantity and Quality of Organic C and N in Two Contrasting Soil Types

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About