Time Advance Synchronization in Concurrent Discrete-Event Simulation and Animation of Construction Operations

Modeling Framework and Architecture of Hybrid System Dynamics and Discrete Event Simulation for Construction

“…The time advancing issue in hybrid continuous and discrete simulation techniques has also been addressed in other areas besides hybrid SD‐DES simulation, such as high speed or concurrent animation and visual interactive simulation (Rekapalli et al, 2009; Rekapalli and Martinez, 2007), in construction‐related cases. The proposed time advancing methods in these research efforts can also be employed for the prospective hybrid SD‐DES models when hybrid SD‐DES model developers want to add concurrent animation or real‐time user interactions (regardless of interaction medium) as supporting capabilities to the SD‐DES‐based hybrid models.…”

“…In addition, by using an HLA‐based architecture hybrid simulation, developers will be capable of adding prevalent construction supporting services, such as 2D/3D visualization capabilities (Rekapalli and Martinez, 2007; Rekapalli et al, 2009), automated material and equipment tracking capabilities (Chi et al, 2009; Azimi et al, 2009; Skibniewski and Jang, 2009), and construction cost and schedule optimization (Adeli and Karim, 1997; Karim and Adeli, 1999), to the hybrid simulation as supporting federates for the federation. This capability will also enhance the hybrid models, which utilize HLA, by making them more adaptable to future changes in the methods and technologies utilized within the construction industry.…”

A message-based architechture to enable runtime user interaction on concurrent simulation-animations of construction operations

“…Concurrent animation is the backbone for an interactive simulation-animation system. This challenge has been addressed successfully with the design of a time-advance algorithm that synchronizes the discrete simulation clock and continuous animation clock (Rekapalli & Martinez 2007) in a manner that maintains a constant ratio of simulation time to observation time.…”