Time for change: The legacy of a Euro-Andean model of landscape versus the need for landscape connectivity

Zimmerer, Karl S.; Bell, Martha G.

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.02.002

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This label and its description vary across time and space. Temporally, connotations differ in indigenous and Spanish colonial accounts (Zimmerer and Bell, 2015). Geographically, the term itself changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, Duviols’ (1973) landmark article published in this journal, which combines ethnographic and historical information from the central Peruvian Andes, and which has had enormous impact on precolonial archaeology to explain the different lifeways of the inhabitants of the quechua and puna zones, does not include the term suni . This final detail adds an additional facet to the discussion: suni is not only absent in the ethnographic literature, but it has also not been recorded in colonial sources (Zimmerer and Bell, 2015).…”

Section: The Presence Of Suni In Archaeological and Ethnographic Publ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Burger does not explore this interesting point in more detail, upslope shifting of vegetation in Andean landscapes as a response to recent anthropogenic climate change has been documented (e.g. Morueta-Holme et al, 2015), and the impact of cooler temperatures during the Little Ice Age has been shown to result in glacial expansion and downslope shifting of ecological zones (Jomelli et al, 2009; see also Zimmerer and Bell, 2015). Clearly these observations indicate that the elevation ranges of ecological zones fluctuate over time, calling into question the direct application of the ranges published by Pulgar Vidal in other time periods.…”

Section: Shades Of Suni In Recent Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Narrating from landscape in Andean archaeology: The problem with the suni natural region

Ramón

Bell

2022

Journal of Social Archaeology

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Archaeologists use the landscape to explain the past, often referring to traditional or indigenous knowledge to better understand that landscape. But how is this analogical process performed, and how is indigenous knowledge understood and recorded? This article examines Peruvian geographer Javier Pulgar Vidal’s concept of suni—a term with several definitions in Aymara and Quechua, but which was transformed by Pulgar Vidal into a “Natural Region,” in other words a meaningful portion of the landscape—as an entry point into this broader issue. Suni is important because it is a poorly defined part of a wider Andean landscape model supposedly based on indigenous knowledge and because it is commonly used by archaeologists to explain precolonial land use and landscapes. Through analysis of the creation and application of suni, we define major challenges faced by archaeologists when interpreting sites and materials in landscape perspective and present suggestions for moving forward.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Presence Of Suni In Archaeological and Ethnographic Publ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shades Of Suni In Recent Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Narrating from landscape in Andean archaeology: The problem with the suni natural region

Ramón

Bell

2022

Journal of Social Archaeology

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“…La separación mental entre el valle y las partes altas debe ser superada -excepto por razones heurísticas-y substituida por un enfoque sistémico que incluya todas las zonas altitudinales (Zimmerer y Bell, 2015). Además, una visión más holística -o sintético-integrativa-de investigación y planificación es indispensable para fomentar el desarrollo sostenible entre el nevado Huaytapallana y la ciudad de Huancayo.…”

Section: Cunclassified

Los servicios ecosistémicos hidrológicos: entre la urbanización y el cambio climático. Percepción campesina y experta en la subcuenca del río Shullcas, Perú

Cano¹,

Haller²

2018

EYD

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El trabajo concluye reconociendo percepciones similares y observando nexos entre «la ciudad» y «el campo», la priorización de SEH, la relevancia de los factores y responsables de cambio y la necesidad urgente de una visión sistémica, holística, interdisciplinaria y con inclusión de actores, para el fomento del desarrollo sostenible y la buena gestión de la subcuenca. Palabras clave: servicios ecosistémicos hidrológicos, comunidades campesinas, Andes centrales, percepción social. Hydrologic ecosystem services: between urbanization and climate change. Smallholder and expert perception in the Shullcas river subbasin, Peru A Mountain ecosystems, such as the central Andes, are a source of life that provides hydrologic ecosystem services-HES to the population. In the case of the Shullcas river subbasin, located between the nevado Huaytapallana and the city of Huancayo in Peru, these ecosystems are affected by the retreat of glaciers and precipitation variations, driven by climate change, and physical, demographic and socio-cultural urbanization-particularly in the rural-urban transition zone. The resulting degradation, contamination, and overexploitation of the subbasin contribute to hydric stress and water shortages and affect both HES and the wellbeing of the population. This research aims at strengthening an integrated and holistic vision for sustainable development and reveals perceptions of different actors-agrarian water users and experts of institutions-toward HES in the Shullcas river subbasin. To this end, a questionnaire was designed and applied. The results show similar perceptions in both groups regarding the identification of HES and the assessment of their importance, vulnerability, and trends of future disposability. Moreover, they mostly agree on the factors of influence and actors who are responsible for the decline of water resources. This study concludes that perceptions of both groups are similar-underlining strong rural-urban interactions. It points to the prioritization of selected HES and the relevance of factors and actors responsible for change, and calls for a systemic, holistic, and interdisciplinary vision and inclusive action to strengthen sustainable development and good water governance in the sub-basin.

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“…Nevertheless, much due to the resilience and resistance of indigenous peoples (Ulloa et al, 2021;Wilson & Inkster, 2018;Zimmerer & Bell, 2015),…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge infrastructures for just urban futures : a case of water governance in Lima, Peru

Hoefsloot¹

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Chapter 1: Discontent in Lima's water distributionEvery day, engineers work for Lima's drinking water and sewage service (Servicio de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de Lima, SEDAPAL) to capture, treat, and distribute water to the city's residents and industry. On average, 24m 3 of water flows from Lima's water treatment plants to its consumers every second (SEDAPAL, 2022). Through an intricate system of larger and smaller pipes, valves, and pumps, Lima and Callao's 50 districts and 473 hydraulic sectors are serviced. At parts, this network still follows the trajectory of the water distribution system as constructed by the Spanish colonisers in the 16th century (Bell, 2015). The exact numbers of how much water enters each hydraulic sector, which valve is open or closed, how high the water pressure is, and if domestic or commercial consumers have paid their bills are all monitored in the digital dashboard installed in La Atarjea, Lima's main water treatment plant and the head office of SEDAPAL. The work SEDAPAL's engineers do in operating this complex system is absolutely crucial in supplying the metropolitan area of Lima-Callao with water.Yet, despite this impressively engineered system and continuous labour, up to 2019, it took SEDAPAL, on average, 10.4 years to install water and sewerage services in unplanned neighbourhoods and almost one million people residing in Lima and Callao are not connected to SEDAPAL's water distribution system (SEDAPAL, 2022). An even higher number of people only receive water for limited hours per day, only a couple of days per week.In public opinion, SEDAPAL is seen as unwilling or incapable of improving.In 2012, 2016, and 2019 residents took to the streets to protest plans to privatise the water service provision and express their dissatisfaction with the current water policy (El Comercio, 2016Jiménez, 2012). More recently, in October 2021, a group of residents of San Juan de Lurigancho, a central location. As a result of these developments in digital infrastructure and datafication, SEDAPAL has significantly reduced the percentage of 'non-revenue water' -the primary indicator of the economic efficiency of the water distribution system -from 44% in 2000 to 28% of the water produced in 2021 (SEDAPAL, 2022). This is no small feat.Within the context of discontent between SEDAPAL and urban water consumers, there are at least three promises of modernity (Harvey & Knox, 2012) that the digital infrastructure (i.e., the SCADA system) seems to instantiate: the promises of seeing, control, and economic efficiency. These promises, at first glance, engage with problems that Lima's residents face.The promise of seeing makes it more transparent where water flows within the city and whom it reaches. The promise of control engages with the issue of continuity and reliability in service provision. Finally, the promise of economic efficiency speaks to the continuous critique that the water authority, as a public institution, is excessively bureaucratic. However, as I will analyse in the following chap...

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Time for change: The legacy of a Euro-Andean model of landscape versus the need for landscape connectivity

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Narrating from landscape in Andean archaeology: The problem with the suni natural region

Narrating from landscape in Andean archaeology: The problem with the suni natural region

Los servicios ecosistémicos hidrológicos: entre la urbanización y el cambio climático. Percepción campesina y experta en la subcuenca del río Shullcas, Perú

Knowledge infrastructures for just urban futures : a case of water governance in Lima, Peru

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