“…GSP methods require the transformation or mapping of the biological sequences, usually represented as a string of characters (i.e., A, T, G and C) to a numeric representation (i.e., a signal) that can be processed using mathematical functions ( Kwan & Arniker, 2009 ). Examples of the use of GSP methods include the identification of protein-coding regions in DNA sequences ( Das & Turkoglu, 2017 ; Mabrouk, 2017 ; Das & Turkoglu, 2015 ; Inbamalar & Sivakumar, 2012 ; Marhon & Kremer, 2011 ; Akhtar, Epps & Ambikairajah, 2008 ; Akhtar, Epps & Ambikairajah, 2007 ; Rushdi & Tuqan, 2006 ; Yin & Yau, 2005 ; Kotlar, 2003 ; Anastassiou, 2000 ), finding for genomic repeats ( Sharma et al, 2004 ), determining the structural, thermodynamic, and bending properties of DNA ( Gabrielian & Pongor, 1996 ), biological sequence querying ( Ravichandran et al, 2010 ), estimating of DNA sequence similarity ( Mendizabal-Ruiz et al, 2017 ; Hoang, Yin & Yau, 2016 ; Yin, Yin & Wang, 2014 ; Borrayo et al, 2014 ; Cheever et al, 1989 ), and sequence alignment ( Skutkova et al, 2015 ).…”