Time lag: a methodology for the estimation of vertical and horizontal travel and flushing timescales to nitrate threshold concentrations in Irish aquifers

Fenton, Owen; Schulte, Rogier P.O.; Jordan, Phillip; Lalor, S. T. J.; Richards, Karl G.

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2011.03.006

Cited by 82 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…For the arable soil, a 48-h time step was deemed most appropriate, whereas for the grassland soil, there was no time step within the experimental design (24-, 48-or 72-h) at which equilibrium was established. Hence, further prolonged treatment duration for this soil would be required, highlighting the need to take many replicates during field herein reflect minimal trafficking at the site and its high vulnerability to nutrient transport through the vertical pathway (Fenton et al, 2011;Vero et al, 2014). Figure 3 displays the mean SWCCs constructed according to each treatment for both soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation

Vero¹,

Healy²,

Henry³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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During laboratory assessment of the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC), determining equilibrium at various pressures is challenging. This study establishes a methodological framework to identify appropriate experimental duration at each pressure step for the construction of SWCCs via centrifugation. Three common temporal approaches to equilibrium – 24-, 48- and 72-h – are examined, for a grassland and arable soil. The framework highlights the differences in equilibrium duration between the two soils. For both soils, the 24-h treatment significantly overestimated saturation. For the arable site, no significant difference was observed between the 48- and 72-h treatments. Hence, a 48-h treatment was sufficient to determine ‘effective equilibrium’. For the grassland site, the 48- and 72-h treatments differed significantly. This highlights that a more prolonged duration is necessary for some soils to conclusively determine that effective equilibrium has been reached. This framework can be applied to other soils to determine the optimum centrifuge durations for SWCC construction.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation

Vero¹,

Healy²,

Henry³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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“…Además, JACKSON et al (2008) acrecen que la zona no saturada de cuencas puede impedir la disminución de los niveles de NO 3 -, porque esto no se reduce a N 2 durante el proceso de desnitrificación CHERRY et al (2008) informan que tanto el efecto de "taponamiento", como el largo tiempo de tránsito del NO 3 -hacen que los resultados de las continuas buenas prácticas de gestión de N en los cultivos exigen un cierto tiempo para que las respuestas sean verificadas en las corrientes de agua y reservorios naturales de agua. Este tiempo de reacción puede variar de 10 a 40 años en aguas superficiales (FENTON et al, 2011, JACKSON et al, 2008 y de 25 a 60 años para aguas subterráneas (OSENBRÜCK et al, 2006, JACKSON et al, 2008.…”

Section: El Desafío Del Manejo Del Nitrógeno… O Desafio Do Manejo Do unclassified

O desafio do manejo do nitrogênio no contexto da produtividade agricola e da vulnerabilidade ambiental

Bravo

Pott

Jadoski

2011

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“…Vero et al, 2014) as well as predicting nutrient emissions to the environment (e.g. Doody et al, 2010;Fenton et al, 2011) and risks of pathogen transfer to water (Samadder et al, 2010). A detailed review was presented by Schulte et al (2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been cited in more than 50 scientific publications, for a variety of applications, including farm-scale modelling of grassland productivity and utilisation (Fitzgerald et al, 2008), assessment of agricultural management opportunities such as slurry spreading (Lalor & Schulte, 2008;, understanding spatio-temporal dynamics of water movement through the unsaturated travel zone (e.g. Vero et al, 2014) Fenton et al, 2011) and risks of pathogen transfer to water (Samadder et al, 2010). A detailed review was presented by Schulte et al (2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

A note on the Hybrid Soil Moisture Deficit Model v2.0

Schulte¹,

Simo²,

Creamer³

et al. 2015

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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The Hybrid Soil Moisture Deficit (HSMD) model has been used for a wide range of applications, including modelling of grassland productivity and utilisation, assessment of agricultural management opportunities such as slurry spreading, predicting nutrient emissions to the environment and risks of pathogen transfer to water. In the decade since its publication, various ad hoc modifications have been developed and the recent publication of the Irish Soil Information System has facilitated improved assessment of the spatial soil moisture dynamics. In this short note, we formally present a new version of the model (HSMD2.0), which includes two new soil drainage classes, as well as an optional module to account for the topographic wetness index at any location. In addition, we present a new Indicative Soil Drainage Map for Ireland, based on the Irish Soil Classification system, developed as part of the Irish Soil Information System. Keywords Areas of natural constraint • drainage • model • soil moisture • trafficability IntroductionIn temperate maritime climates, soil moisture dynamics are drivers of the evolution of agricultural systems. The number of days when soil has excess moisture, known as field capacity (FC) days, determines the type of agricultural system used, with specific influence on herbage growth, herbage utilisation, farm operations and environmental sustainability (Schulte et al., 2012). The European Commission now recognises FC days as a bio-physical criterion that defines a natural constraint for agriculture in Europe (Jones et al., 2013). FC days can be either measured in situ at the field/soil profile scale or modelled as a function of the temporal pattern of soil moisture deficit (SMD), which in turn can be computed from meteorological variables and soil properties. Schulte et al. (2005) combined existing Teagasc and MetÉireann SMD models into the 'hybrid soil moisture deficit' or HSMD model, which is a simple mass-balance calculation to predict SMD from precipitation, evapotranspiration and drainage. Precipitation and evapotranspiration were taken and computed, respectively, from observed weather data or numerical weather prediction (NWP) model output using the Penman-Monteith equation (Allen et al., 1998) and drainage was modelled as a function of one of the three drainage classes calibrated using empirical experimental data. These calibrations showed that poorly drained soils are those that remain wetter than FC for multiple days following winter rainfall events, moderately drained soils carry water in excess of FC during winter rainfall events, but return to FC on the first dry day, whilst well-drained soils never carry soil water in excess of FC. This calibration of drainage is described in detail by Schulte et al. (2005). In recent evaluations of the HSDM model to test its suitability for operational deployment, demonstrated strong relationships between HSMD output and field observations of topsoil (to 30 cm depth) volumetric water content, whilst Doody et al. (2010) concluded that...

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Time lag: a methodology for the estimation of vertical and horizontal travel and flushing timescales to nitrate threshold concentrations in Irish aquifers

Abstract: 19The Water Framework Directive (WFD) in Europe aims, inter alia, to achieve at least 20

Cited by 82 publications

References 30 publications

A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation

A methodological framework to determine optimum durations for the construction of soil water characteristic curves using centrifugation

O desafio do manejo do nitrogênio no contexto da produtividade agricola e da vulnerabilidade ambiental

A note on the Hybrid Soil Moisture Deficit Model v2.0

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