Time of day and caffeine influence some neuropsychological tests in the elderly.

Walters, Elizabeth; Lesk, Valerie E.

doi:10.1037/a0038213

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…tests administered to older adults (Walters & Lesk, 2015). The same pattern has also been observed in rats in a non-matching-to-sample test (Winocur & Hasher, 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Effects of time of day on age-related associative deficits.

Maylor¹,

Badham²

2018

Psychology and Aging

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Time of day is known to influence cognition differently across age groups, with young adults performing better later than earlier in the day and older adults showing the opposite pattern. Thus age-related deficits can be smaller when testing occurs in the morning compared with the afternoon/evening, particularly for tasks requiring executive/controlled/inhibitory processes. Stronger influences of time of day were therefore predicted on associative than on item recognition memory based on their differential requirements for demanding recollective (rather than familiarity) processes. In 2 experiments, participants were presented with unrelated word pairs and then tested on both item recognition (old/new item?) and associative recognition (intact/recombined pair?). In Experiment 1, young adults were tested either in the morning or in the evening; recognition memory was better when time of testing matched participants' morningness-eveningness preferences, and more so for associative than for item memory. In Experiment 2, young and older adults (evening and morning types, respectively) were tested both in the morning and in the evening; again, recognition memory was better at participants' preferred times of day, especially for associative memory. Consequently, age-related associative deficits varied considerably-indeed more than fourfold-from a nonsignificant 8% for testing in the morning to a substantial 35% for testing in the evening, suggesting that it is important to consider time of day effects in future studies of the associative deficit hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…tests administered to older adults (Walters & Lesk, 2015). The same pattern has also been observed in rats in a non-matching-to-sample test (Winocur & Hasher, 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Effects of time of day on age-related associative deficits.

Maylor¹,

Badham²

2018

Psychology and Aging

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“…Surprisingly few studies, however, have shown that caffeine actually improves memory performance (Capek and Guenther, 2009; Borota et al, 2014; for review see: Nehlig, 2010), and even fewer studies have considered how caffeine interacts with time of day (Ryan et al, 2002; Walters and Lesk, 2015). In a previous study, we considered whether caffeine could overcome the well-documented decrease in memory performance among older adults during the late afternoon, when most older adults experience their circadian low point (for review see: May et al, 1993; Intons-Peterson et al, 1998; Hasher et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Enhances Memory Performance in Young Adults during Their Non-optimal Time of Day

et al. 2016

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Many college students struggle to perform well on exams in the early morning. Although students drink caffeinated beverages to feel more awake, it is unclear whether these actually improve performance. After consuming coffee (caffeinated or decaffeinated), college-age adults completed implicit and explicit memory tasks in the early morning and late afternoon (Experiment 1). During the morning, participants ingesting caffeine demonstrated a striking improvement in explicit memory, but not implicit memory. Caffeine did not alter memory performance in the afternoon. In Experiment 2, participants engaged in cardiovascular exercise in order to examine whether increases in physiological arousal similarly improved memory. Despite clear increases in physiological arousal, exercise did not improve memory performance compared to a stretching control condition. These results suggest that caffeine has a specific benefit for memory during students’ non-optimal time of day – early morning. These findings have real-world implications for students taking morning exams.

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“…The methods of data collection, tests used, inclusion criteria and procedure are described in detail there [7]. In the present study, the aim is specifically to investigate whether prior caffeine and age influence performance on the same battery of cognitive tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The data set used in this paper is the one used to investigate time of day effects and caffeine in Walters and Lesk [7]. The methods of data collection, tests used, inclusion criteria and procedure are described in detail there [7].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, coffee also contains chlorogenic acid, cafestol and kahweol [1], and tea is concentrated in polyphenols which have been shown to enhance memory [2]. Furthermore, Walters and Lesk [7] found an interaction effect between 200 mg of caffeine, the time of day assessments were administered and scores on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) [8] and Graded Naming Test (GNT) [9]. The present study analyses this data set further.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Prior Caffeine Consumption on Neuropsychological Test Performance: A Placebo-Controlled Study

Walters

Lesk²

2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the prior consumption of 200 mg of pure caffeine affected neuropsychological test scores in a group of elderly participants aged over 60 years. Method: Using a double-blind placebo versus caffeine design, participants were randomly assigned to receive 200 mg of caffeine or placebo. A neuropsychological assessment testing the domains of general cognitive function, processing speed, semantic memory, episodic memory, executive function, working memory and short-term memory was carried out. Results: Significant interaction effects between age, caffeine and scores of executive function and processing speed were found; participants who had received caffeine showed a decline in performance with increasing age. This effect was not seen for participants who received placebo. Conclusion: The results highlight the need to consider and control prior caffeine consumption when scoring neuropsychological assessments in the elderly, which is important for accuracy of diagnosis and corresponding normative data.

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Time of day and caffeine influence some neuropsychological tests in the elderly.

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of time of day on age-related associative deficits.

Effects of time of day on age-related associative deficits.

Caffeine Enhances Memory Performance in Young Adults during Their Non-optimal Time of Day

The Effect of Prior Caffeine Consumption on Neuropsychological Test Performance: A Placebo-Controlled Study

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