Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cross Sections from the Bacchanals Paintings of Nicolas Poussin

Bouvier, Caroline; Glanville, Helen; Viguerie, Laurence de; Merucci, Chiara; Walter, Philippe; Brunelle, Alain

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04471

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…As an example, ToF‐SIMS was recently applied to chemically image cross‐sections of two 17th century paintings by Nicolas Poussin in order to determine the binding medium used. The results obtained by ToF‐SIMS suggested that an oil‐based binder rather than an egg‐based binder was likely used 167 . The data from ToF‐SIMS depth profiling are complementary to those acquired from workhorse characterization tools such as XRR and NR, although the depth resolution is poorer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results obtained by ToF-SIMS suggested that an oil-based binder rather than an egg-based binder was likely used. 167 The data from ToF-SIMS depth profiling are complementary to those acquired from workhorse characterization tools such as XRR and NR, although the depth resolution is poorer. There may be opportunities to use the "real-space" data from ToF-SIMS to reduce uncertainty in the analysis of reciprocal-space data from scattering and reflectivity.…”

Section: Depth Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of polymeric surfaces and interfaces using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

Mei

Laws

Terlier

et al. 2021

Journal of Polymer Science

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Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) is used for chemical analysis of surfaces. ToF-SIMS is a powerful tool for polymer science because it detects a broad mass range with good mass resolution, thereby distinguishing between polymers that have similar elemental compositions and/or the same types of functional groups. Chemical labeling techniques that enhance contrast, such as deuterating or staining one constituent, are generally unnecessary. ToF-SIMS can generate both two-dimensional images and three-dimensional depth profiles, where each pixel in an image is associated with a complete mass spectrum. This Review begins by introducing the principles of ToF-SIMS measurements, including instrumentation, modes of operation, strategies for data analysis, and strengths/limitations when characterizing polymer surfaces. The sections that follow describe applications in polymer science that benefit from characterization by ToF-SIMS, including thin films and coatings, polymer blends, composites, and electronic materials. The examples selected for discussion showcase the three standard modes of operation (spectral analysis, imaging, and depth profiling) and highlight practical considerations that relate to experimental design and data processing. We conclude with brief comments about broader opportunities for ToF-SIMS in polymer science.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depth Profilingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of polymeric surfaces and interfaces using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

Mei

Laws

Terlier

et al. 2021

Journal of Polymer Science

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“…MSI is extensively used for biological applications, but it also proved useful in other fields: in forensics to reconstitute fingerprints 34 or search for drugs of abuse in low amounts of hair 35 ; in art to study old paintings without invasive protocols 33 , in materials analysis to search for surface irregularities 36 . As in the cited applications, the present study demonstrates the ability of MSI to bring additional information on the samples of interest without a biological background.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry imaging for biosolids characterization to assess ecological or health risks before reuse

et al. 2023

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Biosolids are byproducts of wastewater treatment. With the increasing global population, the amounts of wastewater to be treated are expanding, along with the amounts of biosolids generated. The reuse of biosolids is now accepted for diversified applications in fields such as agriculture, engineering, agro-forestry. However, biosolids are known to be potential carriers of compounds that can be toxic to living beings or alter the environment. Therefore, biosolid reuse is subject to regulations, mandatory analyses are performed on heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants or pathogens. Conventional methods for the analysis of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants are demanding, lengthy, and sometimes unsafe. Here, we propose mass spectrometry imaging as a faster and safer method using small amounts of material to monitor heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants in different types of biosolids, allowing for ecological and health risk assessment before reuse. Our methodology can be extended to other soil-like matrices.

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“…The extraction of the mass spectrum from the ROI associated with a specific layer and its comparison with reference spectra can directly provide the type of binder used for this layer, or an estimate of the origin of the glue, or the type of oil by using peak intensity ratios. 11,50,83 This can replace destructive methods like GC-MS, and these ratios are obtained in a spatially resolved fashion.…”

Section: Paintingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an example, the potential at the surface of a painting sample embedded in a several mm thick resin block can differ by several hundred volts, whereas the applied extraction voltage is 2 kV. This fine tuning of the mass analyzer was studied by Seyer et al with plant tissues,82 and a detailed study of the implications of this phenomenon on painting cross sections was recently published by Bouvier et al11 A former possible method to avoid variations in the extraction field was to place a slotted stainless steel plate on the analyzed surface of cross section, which has the benefit to keep a part of the surface conduc-…”

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confidence: 99%

Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging in cultural heritage: A focus on old paintings

et al. 2022

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Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging is a surface analysis technique that identifies and spatially resolves the chemical composition of a sample with a lateral resolution of less than 1 μm. Depth analyses can also be performed over thicknesses of several microns. In the case of a painting cross section, for example, TOF-SIMS can identify the organic composition, by detecting molecular ions and fragments of binders, as well as the mineral composition of most of the pigments. Importantly, the technique is almost not destructive and is therefore increasingly used in cultural heritage research such as the analysis of painting samples, especially old paintings. In this review, state of the art of TOF-SIMS analysis methods will be described with a particular focus on tuning the instruments for the analysis of painting cross sections and with several examples from the literature showing the added value of this technique when studying cultural heritage samples.cultural heritage, organic matters (oils and proteins), pigments, TOF-SIMS imaging | INTRODUCTIONCertain objects and know-how have cultural significance in our societies; that is, they are inherited from a common past and are meant to be preserved and passed down from generation to generation. These can be works of art such as frescoes, paintings, or jewelry, and also statues, ruins, and everyday objects such as pottery, tools, remedies, and cosmetics. All of which are a testimony to the skills and technical knowledge of the past societies. The expertise and actions of, for example, curators and restorers play an important role in this generational transmission of cultural heritage. Given the variety of questions that can arise regarding objects made of different structures and materials, combining several disciplines appears to be a beneficial approach. A better understanding of the history of material productions from the past can also be done by relying on the physics and chemistry of their constituent materials. Although microscopic information was in the past inaccessible, the craftsmanship knowledge has taken into account the link between specific processing of materials and the aspect and properties of the crafted objects. Today, the possibility to analyze with precision their composition provides insight into the object as it was designed. In the case of old paintings, the chemical identification of organic and inorganic pigments, as well as that of the binders that contain them, provides valuable information about the painter's technique, the nature and origin of the ingredients and their aging, or even their state of degradation. This information can then be combined with the knowledge and expertise of restorers and curators.A painting is made by successively applying layers of various mixtures of pigments in one or more binders, such as oil, egg, or animal glues. These layers are a few microns to a few hundred microns thick.Particles of colored materials dispersed in this way in more or less transparent matrices will create e...

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Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cross Sections from the Bacchanals Paintings of Nicolas Poussin

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of polymeric surfaces and interfaces using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

Characterization of polymeric surfaces and interfaces using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry

Mass spectrometry imaging for biosolids characterization to assess ecological or health risks before reuse

Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging in cultural heritage: A focus on old paintings

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