Time Projection Compton Spectrometer (TPCS)

Baldwin, George Thomas; Lee, James R.

doi:10.1109/tns.1986.4334596

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although some spectrometers have been developed for pulsed X-ray spectrum measurements, such as the differential absorption spectrometer 10 and the time-projection Compton spectrometer, 11 it is still a significant challenge to measure the time resolved pulsed X-ray spectrum accurately.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensational scintillation detector with a flat energy response for flash X-ray measurements

Chen

Ouyang

Liu

et al. 2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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To measure the intensity of flash X-ray sources directly, a novel scintillation detector with a fast time response and flat energy response is developed by combining film scintillators of doped ZnO crystal and fast organic scintillator together. Through compensation design, the dual-scintillator detector (DSD) achieved a flat energy response to X-rays from tens of keV to several MeV, and sub-nanosecond time response by coupling to ultrafast photo-electronic devices. A prototype detector was fabricated according to the theoretical design; it employed ZnO:In and EJ228 with thicknesses of 0.3 mm and 0.1 mm, respectively. The energy response of this detector was tested on monoenergetic X-ray and γ-ray sources. The detector performs very well with a sensitivity fluctuation below 5% for 8 discrete energy points within the 40-250 keV energy region and for other energies of 662 keV and 1.25 MeV as well, showing good accordance with the theoretical design. Additionally, the detector works properly for the application to the flash X-ray radiation field absolute intensity measurement. This DSD may be very useful for the diagnosis of time-resolved dynamic physical processes of flash X-ray sources without knowing the exact energy spectrum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compensational scintillation detector with a flat energy response for flash X-ray measurements

Chen

Ouyang

Liu

et al. 2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…In the following paragraphs we will discuss three techniques that have been used in the past to estimate the temporal variation of the Bremsstrahlung emission spectrum in the 10-120 keV energy range: differential filter absorption, Laue diffraction, and filtered fluorescence excitation. Athough photoexcitation of nuclear isomers [7,8] and drift-velocity time-of-flight of Compton electrons [9] have been used to estimate the bremsstrahlung spectrum, these techniques are time-integrated and will not be discussed. Also, the "Compton-Hall" approach is time-resolved but only provides a single parameter -an estimate of the electron endpoint voltage [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proof-of-Principle Time-Resolved Bremsstrahlung Spectral Measurement for Intense, Low-Endpoint (<300 keV) Pulsed Sources

Failor¹,

Riordan²,

Rodríguez³

et al. 2009

J. Inst.

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In a proof-of-principle test, we measured how the L-3 Pulse Sciences MBS (∼200 keV peak voltage) Bremsstrahlung spectrum changed in time using a pair of filter-fluorescer channels, one at 41 ± 18 keV and another at 87 ± 27 keV. This demonstrates an approach for measuring a time-resolved bremsstrahlung spectrum for SGEMP applications, albeit with coarse energy resolution (30–45%). Using filter fluorescers and detecting the resultant X-rays with plastic scintillator PMTs, there is adequate sensitivity and dynamic range to correlate spectra from two sources, MBS and PITHON, which differ by a factor of up to ∼100× in brightness (from 1 to 100 rad CaF2 at the spectrometer entrance). For such a correlation, no hardware changes are required—only the PMT gains need to be changed. The time resolution of the measurement is expected to be 2 ns.

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“…This device is also similar to Compton spectrometers, some of which have been used to measure the bremsstrahlung spectrum from pulsed-power diodes. 6,7 The CH voltmeter differs from these spectrometers in that it does not determine the entire spectrum from an array of electron detectors but relies on the sensitivity of the end-point energy to the ratio of the dose in a single electron detector to the photon dose. It is also relatively small and inexpensive compared to traditional spectrometers, and the interpretation of the data is straightforward, making it feasible for end-point voltage measurements in a wide variety of pulsed-power diodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring multimegavolt pulsed voltages using Compton-generated electrons

Swanekamp

Weber

Pereira

et al. 2004

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The ''Compton-Hall'' voltmeter is a radiation-based voltage diagnostic that has been developed to measure voltages on high-power ͑TW͒ pulsed generators. The instrument collimates photons generated from bremsstrahlung produced in the diode onto an aluminum target to generate Compton-generated electrons. Permanent magnets bend the Compton electron orbits that escape the target toward a silicon pin diode detector. A GaAs photoconductive detector ͑PCD͒ detects photons that pass through the Compton target. The diode voltage is determined from the ratio of the electron dose in the pin detector to the x-ray dose in the PCD. The Integrated Tiger Series of electron-photon transport codes is used to determine the relationship between the measured dose ratio and the diode voltage. Variations in the electron beam's angle of incidence on the bremsstrahlung target produce changes in the shape of the photon spectrum that lead to large variations in the voltage inferred from the voltmeter. The voltage uncertainty is minimized when the voltmeter is fielded at an angle of 45°w ith respect to the bremsstrahlung target. In this position, the photon spectra for different angles of incidence all converge onto a single spectrum reducing the uncertainty in the voltage to less than 10% for voltages below 4 MV. Higher and lower voltages than the range considered in this article can be measured by adjusting the strength of the applied magnetic field or the position of the electron detector relative to the Compton target. The instrument was fielded on the Gamble II pulsed-power generator configured with a plasma opening switch. Measurements produced a time-dependent voltage with a peak ͑3.7 MV͒ that agrees with nuclear activation measurements and a pulse shape that is consistent with the measured radiation pulse shape.

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Time Projection Compton Spectrometer (TPCS)

Cited by 12 publications

References 2 publications

Compensational scintillation detector with a flat energy response for flash X-ray measurements

Compensational scintillation detector with a flat energy response for flash X-ray measurements

Proof-of-Principle Time-Resolved Bremsstrahlung Spectral Measurement for Intense, Low-Endpoint (<300 keV) Pulsed Sources

Measuring multimegavolt pulsed voltages using Compton-generated electrons

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