Time-resolved structure investigation with small angle X-ray scattering using scanning techniques

Amenitsch, Heinz; Marmiroli, Benedetta

doi:10.1007/s12210-011-0153-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

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“…Even if microscopy techniques like SEM and TEM can reach this structural scale, SAXS generally allows a more versatile sample environment. More importantly, time-resolved in situ studies can be easily performed, while detailed information averaged over the irradiated sample volume and over the exposure time can be obtained (Amenitsch & Marmiroli, 2011). In the study of liquid jets, this represents a further advantage, as this kind of measurement is effective for examining surface roughness and droplets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thorough small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of the instability of liquid micro-jets in air

Marmiroli

Cacho-Nerin

Sartori

et al. 2013

J Synchrotron Radiat

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Liquid jets are of interest, both for their industrial relevance and for scientific applications (more important, in particular for X-rays, after the advent of free-electron lasers that require liquid jets as sample carrier). Instability mechanisms have been described theoretically and by numerical simulation, but confirmed by few experimental techniques. In fact, these are mainly based on cameras, which is limited by the imaging resolution, and on light scattering, which is hindered by absorption, reflection, Mie scattering and multiple scattering due to complex air/liquid interfaces during jet break-up. In this communication it is demonstrated that synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can give quantitative information on liquid jet dynamics at the nanoscale, by detecting time-dependent morphology and break-up length. Jets ejected from circular tubes of different diameters (100-450 µm) and speeds (0.7-21 m s(-1)) have been explored to cover the Rayleigh and first wind-induced regimes. Various solvents (water, ethanol, 2-propanol) and their mixtures have been examined. The determination of the liquid jet behaviour becomes essential, as it provides background data in subsequent studies of chemical and biological reactions using SAXS or X-ray diffraction based on synchrotron radiation and free-electron lasers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thorough small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of the instability of liquid micro-jets in air

Marmiroli

Cacho-Nerin

Sartori

et al. 2013

J Synchrotron Radiat

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X-ray lithography and small-angle X-ray scattering: a combination of techniques merging biology and materials science

Marmiroli

Amenitsch

2012

Eur Biophys J

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The advent of micro/nanotechnology has blurred the border between biology and materials science. Miniaturization of chemical and biological assays, performed by use of micro/nanofluidics, requires both careful selection of the methods of fabrication and the development of materials designed for specific applications. This, in turn, increases the need for interdisciplinary combination of suitable microfabrication and characterisation techniques. In this review, the advantages of combining X-ray lithography, as fabrication technique, with small-angle X-ray scattering measurements will be discussed. X-ray lithography enables the limitations of small-angle X-ray scattering, specifically time resolution and sample environment, to be overcome. Small-angle X-ray scattering, on the other hand, enables investigation and, consequently, adjustment of the nanostructural morphology of microstructures and materials fabricated by X-ray lithography. Moreover, the effect of X-ray irradiation on novel materials can be determined by use of small-angle X-ray scattering. The combination of top-down and bottom-up methods to develop new functional materials and structures with potential in biology will be reported.

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X-Ray Studies of Biological Matter in Microfluidic Environments

Köster

Pfohl

2012

Mod. Phys. Lett. B

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Biological systems such as cells and cellular components are governed by processes, which take place on nanometer to micrometer length scales. X-ray scattering, diffraction and imaging techniques are extremely well suited to study these processes as the spatial resolution extends well into the relevant length scales. At the same time, the investigation of physical and chemical properties and behavior of such systems requires well-defined and controllable sample environments. One successful way to establish such environments, including specified flow fields, concentration gradients and confinement regimes is by employing microfluidic technology tailored to the particular scientific question. This brief review focuses on microfluidic techniques that have been used to investigate biological matter by X-rays. In particular, we show how the characteristics of flow on the micron scale enable new scientific approaches as compared to macroscale experiments.

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Time-resolved structure investigation with small angle X-ray scattering using scanning techniques

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Thorough small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of the instability of liquid micro-jets in air

Thorough small-angle X-ray scattering analysis of the instability of liquid micro-jets in air

X-ray lithography and small-angle X-ray scattering: a combination of techniques merging biology and materials science

X-Ray Studies of Biological Matter in Microfluidic Environments

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