Timing matters: open‐loop stimulation does not improve overnight consolidation of word pairs in humans

Weigenand, Arne; Mölle, Matthias; Werner, Friederike; Martinetz, Thomas; Marshall, Lisa

doi:10.1111/ejn.13334

Cited by 67 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Weigenand and colleagues 51 In sum, our results suggest that slow-oscillatory up-states present an optimal time window for benefitting memory by TMR. Still, it must be noted that the impact of up-state associated TMR did not exceed the usually described ~10 percent benefit of memory cueing in previous 'random-phase' TMR studies 17,19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Cueing memory during sleep is optimal during slow-oscillatory up-states

Göldi

van

Rasch

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Slow oscillations play a major role in neural plasticity. It is assumed that slow oscillatory up-states represent crucial time windows for memory reactivation and consolidation during sleep. Here we experimentally tested this assumption by utilizing closed-loop targeted memory reactivation (closed-loop TMR): Healthy participants were re-exposed to prior learned foreign vocabulary during up- and down-states of slow oscillations, respectively, in a within-subject design. We show that presenting memory cues during slow oscillatory up-states robustly improves recall performance, whereas memory cueing during down-states did not result in a clear behavioral benefit. On a neural basis successful memory reactivation during up-states was associated with a characteristic power increase in the theta and sleep spindle band. Such increases were completely absent for down-state memory cues. Our findings provide experimental support for the assumption that slow oscillatory up-states represent privileged time windows for memory reactivation, while the interplay of slow oscillations, theta and sleep spindle activity promote successful memory consolidation during sleep.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Cueing memory during sleep is optimal during slow-oscillatory up-states

Göldi

van

Rasch

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…Memory performance was assessed by five previously employed tasks, three declarative (word paired‐associate, WPA; figural paired‐associate, FPA; 2D‐object location, 2DL) and two procedural memory tasks (finger sequence tapping, FST; mirror tracing, MT). The WPA task was conducted similarly as described by Weigenand and colleagues (Weigenand et al ., ). In brief, subjects were to memorize 80 semantically related German word pairs that were composed of two separate lists of 40 word pairs each.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Efficacy of slow oscillatory‐transcranial direct current stimulation on EEG and memory – contribution of an inter‐individual factor

Koo

Mölle

Marshall

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Despite many reports on beneficial effects of anodal slow oscillatory-transcranial direct current stimulation (so-tDCS) during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep on memory consolidation, frequent negative outcomes have also been observed. Our working hypothesis is that so-tDCS efficacy is strongly dependent upon the susceptibility of the underlying network. One component determining susceptibility of the network is hypothesized to be reflected in learning or 'task-induced' plastic changes. Another component is hypothesized to represent inter-individual confounds. Twenty-five (15 female) healthy students participated in two learning conditions with and without so-tDCS during early nocturnal NREM sleep and in one control condition without learning tasks. So-tDCS was applied in five 5-min blocks. EEG was assessed during two time windows: an acute period with five 1-min epochs after each stimulation block and a 150-min post-stimulation time period. Inter-individual differences were assessed by a memory quotient (MQ) and subjects classified into high- vs. low-scoring groups. Although so-tDCS was efficient in enhancing fast spindle parameters in the 150-min time period in all subjects, so-tDCS failed to modulate memory consolidation. In contrast, in subjects with a high MQ, memory retention on a figural paired-associate task was significantly increased after so-tDCS. Task-induced slow spindle density was modulated in the opposite direction in subjects with high vs. low MQ being increased in the high-MQ group only. Effects of so-tDCS on EEG were limited to fast spindle modulations in both time windows. These results reveal that inter-individual confound can impact so-tDCS efficacy, suggesting potential use of such factors as biomarkers.

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“…Auditory closed-loop studies mostly agree that the timing of SO stimulations matters [16], [18], [37]. Therefore, studies were led to improve the stimulations algorithm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of an Ambulatory DRY-EEG Device for Auditory Closed-Loop Stimulations in the Home Environment

Debellemanière

Chambon

Pinaud³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Objective. Recent research has shown that auditory closed-loop stimulations can enhance sleep slow oscillations (SO) to improve N3 sleep quality and cognition. Previous studies have been conducted in a lab environment and on a small sample size. The present study aimed at validating and assessing the performance of a novel ambulatory wireless dry-EEG device (WDD), for auditory closed-loop stimulations of SO during N3 sleep at home. Material and Methods.The performance of the WDD to detect N3 sleep automatically and to send auditory closed-loop stimulations on SO were tested on 20 young healthy subjects who slept with both the WDD and a miniaturized polysomnography (part 1) in both stimulated and sham nights within a double blind, randomized and crossover design.The electrophysiological effects of auditory closed-loop stimulation on delta power increase were assessed after 1 and 10 nights of stimulations on an observational pilot study in the home environment including 90 middle-aged subjects (part 2). Conclusion.The WDD shows good performances to automatically detect in real-time N3 sleep and to send auditory closed-loop stimulations on SO accurately. These stimulations increased the SO amplitude during N3 sleep without any adaptation effect after 10 consecutive nights. This tool provides new perspectives to figure out novel sleep EEG biomarkers in longitudinal studies and can be interesting to conduct broad studies on the effects of auditory stimulations during sleep.

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Timing matters: open‐loop stimulation does not improve overnight consolidation of word pairs in humans

Cited by 67 publications

References 56 publications

Cueing memory during sleep is optimal during slow-oscillatory up-states

Cueing memory during sleep is optimal during slow-oscillatory up-states

Efficacy of slow oscillatory‐transcranial direct current stimulation on EEG and memory – contribution of an inter‐individual factor

Performance of an Ambulatory DRY-EEG Device for Auditory Closed-Loop Stimulations in the Home Environment

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