Timing of emergence of males and females of Ephoron shigae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae)

Watanabe, NAOSHl C.; Yoshitaka, Ichiro; Mori, Ikue

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1989.tb01379.x

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In the bisexual population, the females that were collected some time after emergence were treated as mated individuals. In a previous studies of this mayfly (Watanabe et al 1989;Watanabe 1996), it was revealed that males generally emerged earlier than females, that emerging females were caught at once by males and formed pairs, and that the mating rate of females in the period following the emergence of most of the males, i.e., at the latter half of the mass emergence, reached almost 100%. In our field research on the bisexual population (Asahi-gawa River, Okayama Prefecture; Abukuma-gawa River, Fukushima Prefecture; and Hino-yousui, Tokyo Prefecture), a similar pattern was observed.…”

Section: Distribution and Sex Ratio Of Ephoron Shigaementioning

confidence: 97%

Reproductive mode of the geographic parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae, with findings from some new localities (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)

2006

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The burrowing polymitarcyid mayfly Ephoron shigae is distributed widely in Japan. Some populations are bisexual, others are unisexual, and the distributions of the two types overlap broadly. Experimental evidence of parthenogenetic reproduction, long suspected in unisexual populations, is presented here, based on a comparative analysis of the developmental rate of fertilized and unfertilized eggs. The developmental rate of fertilized eggs from 20 mated females in a bisexual population was 98.4% ± 0.73% (mean ± SD), and no unfertilized eggs from 20 virgin females in that population developed. The developmental rates of unfertilized eggs in two unisexual populations were 89.0% ± 4.59% and 84.2% ± 1.96%, respectively. This article presents experimental evidence of geographic parthenogenesis in E. shigae and provides support for the previous interpretation. In addition, we discuss the relationship between the sex ratio of each population and the developmental rate of fertilized versus unfertilized eggs from the females in those populations.

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Section: Distribution and Sex Ratio Of Ephoron Shigaementioning

confidence: 97%

Reproductive mode of the geographic parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae, with findings from some new localities (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)

2006

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“…Protandry has been reported for many species of aquatic insects including mayflies (e.g. Thew 1958;Watanabe et al 1989;Takemon 1990c) and is probably linked to the longer life span of males. In this respect, the habit of drinking water seems to be of particular importance in males.…”

Section: A D U L T Longevity In Relation To M a T I N G And Ovipositimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, species such as Ephoron album (Crass 1947;Thew 1958;Britt 1962), Ephoron ladogensis (Tiensuu 1935) and Ephoron shigae (Shioyama 1978;Watanabe et al 1989) are known to die within a few hours of emergence. On the other hand, long-lived ovoviviparous females are also known; for example, Cloeon sp.…”

Section: A D U L T Longevity In Relation To M a T I N G And Ovipositimentioning

confidence: 99%

Water intake by the adult mayfly Epeorus ikanosis (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) and its effect on their longevity

Takemon

1993

Ecological Research

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Water drinking habits during flight in adult mayflies of Epeorus ikanonis Takahashi were observed and the effect of water intake on their longevity was examined. The study was carried out in a mountain stream in western Japan. Adult males collected a water droplet under the head capsule while alighting on the water surface and consumed it after moving to nearby riparian vegetation. The amount of water intake was experimentally estimated to be 9.7% of the bodyweight for males. Although females did not show the water drinking behavior in the field, they imbibed as much as 5.5 % of the bodyweight of water in an experimental situation. Morphological observation of the mouthparts revealed that the water was drawn in through the pits at the base of the labrum. In the field caging experiment, males with a water supply had a substantially longer life span than those without. Increase in adult life span by drinking water was less marked in females. Multiple copulation was observed in both sexes during the experiment. The water drinking behavior of the males may closely relate to mating success through increased longevity. Variation in the longevity of adult mayflies was discussed with regard to the possibility of water intake.

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“…They circulate water through the burrow by moving their tracheal gills. Ephoron adults emerge simultaneously, and often swarm in large numbers (Edmunds et al ., ; Watanabe, Yoshitaka & Mori, ; Cid, Ibanez & Prat, ). After emergence, male subadults (subimagos) immediately moult to enter the adult phase; however, female subimagos mate in flight and do not moult (Brittain, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of the East Asian polymitarcyid mayfly genusEphoron(Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae): a comparative analysis of molecular and ecological characteristics

Sekiné

Hayashi

Tojo

2013

Biol J Linn Soc Lond

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In East Asia, the mayfly genus Ephoron, a member of Polymitarcyidae, has been classified into three species: Ephoron eophilum, Ephoron limnobium, and Ephoron shigae. Using the nuclear histone 3 and internal transcribed spacer 1 and mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of these mayflies. Ephoron limnobium formed polyphyletic relationships within the clade of Japanese E. shigae and shared identical sequences with E. shigae, suggesting that E. limnobium is a synonym of E. shigae. Monophyly was supported in E. eophilum, Korean E. shigae, and E. limnobium + Japanese E. shigae. Ephoron eophilum that co-occurs with the other Ephoron species has several peculiar traits in its adult swarming period and karyotype. This suggests that both pre-and post-zygotic isolation are likely to have promoted speciation of these Ephoron species. The divergence between E. eophilum and E. shigae would have occurred from the late Late Miocene to Early Pliocene according to the Bayesian relaxed clock model calibrated using the mitochondrial substitution rate. The area currently inhabited by E. eophilum emerged above sea level some 0.1 Mya, suggesting that E. eophilum moved into this area from other areas that it occupied prior to this time.

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Timing of emergence of males and females of Ephoron shigae (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae)

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Reproductive mode of the geographic parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae, with findings from some new localities (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)

Reproductive mode of the geographic parthenogenetic mayfly Ephoron shigae, with findings from some new localities (Insecta: Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae)

Water intake by the adult mayfly Epeorus ikanosis (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) and its effect on their longevity

Phylogeography of the East Asian polymitarcyid mayfly genusEphoron(Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcyidae): a comparative analysis of molecular and ecological characteristics

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