Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Up to 85% of lung cancer cases are diagnosed as nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The effectiveness of NSCLC treatment is expected to be improved through the implementation of robust and specific biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding molecules that play a key role in the regulation of basic cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, by controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.