Tissue changes in the shore crab Carcinus maenas as a result of infection by the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini

Powell, Adam; Rowley, Andrew F.

doi:10.3354/dao01930

Cited by 36 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…First, in parasitized M. thukuhar, a significant hyperglycemic response was observed. Such a response has been recorded in other studies of rhizocephalan-parasitized crustaceans, including the red king crab Paralithodes camtschatica, the golden king crab Lithodes aequispina, and the shore crab Carcinus maenas (Shirley et al 1986, Powell & Rowley 2008. Moreover, parasitized M. thukuhar had significantly lower glycogen levels and higher glucose levels in the muscle.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The hyperglycemia observed in parasitized hosts might be the result of an increased rate of glycogenolysis, a decreased rate of glycogen synthesis, or both in muscles. Interestingly, in the study of C. maenas, the authors speculated that the elevated glucose levels in the hemolymph of parasitized hosts was due to mobilization of glucose from the depositories of glycogen (Powell & Rowley 2008); as there was no significant change in hepatopancreas glycogen levels, they further suggested that muscle was the primary source from which hemolymph glucose was mobilized (Powell & Rowley 2008). In contrast to the muscle, the hepatopancreas of parasitized M. thukuhar had significantly higher levels of glycogen and triacylglycerol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the parasitic phase, rhizocephalans rely on the host for nutrients that are absorbed through the rootlet system, and, as such, must place an enormous metabolic burden on the host. However, only a few studies have examined changes in the metabolic profile of the host in response to parasitization by rhizocephalans (Smith 1911, Drilhon 1936, Shirley et al 1986, Powell & Rowley 2008; also see Høeg 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic effects of parasitization by the barnacle Polyascus plana (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Sacculinidae) on a grapsid host, Metopograpsus thukuhar

Hsiao¹,

Wu²,

Tung³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Pathophysiological studies of rhizocephalan infections are rare. We describe differences in the levels of tissue and hemolymph metabolites between Polyascus plana-parasitized and unparasitized individuals of Metopograpsus thukuhar. Crabs were assigned to either a parasitized (carrying at least 1 externa, i.e. a protruding reproductive body) or an unparasitized (not carrying externae and determined to be rootlet-free by a barnacle 18S rRNA-based polymerase chain reaction) group. Quantification of metabolites showed that muscle glycogen levels were significantly lower and hepatopancreas levels were significantly higher in parasitized crabs compared to unparasitized crabs; hepatopancreas triacylglycerol levels were significantly higher and hemolymph levels significantly lower in parasitized hosts, and there was no significant difference in muscle triacylglycerol levels between unparasitized and parasitized animals. Glucose levels in the hepatopancreas, muscle, and hemolymph were all significantly higher in parasitized hosts. Significant levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, and glycogen were present in the barnacle externae. In addition, levels of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone in the sinus glands were not significantly different between unparasitized and parasitized animals. Glucose mobilized from the muscle is likely converted to glycogen and triacylglycerol in the rootlet-infiltrated hepatopancreas of parasitized hosts, and the eyestalk neuroendocrine system appears not to be significantly impaired, in terms of hormone production and storage, by parasitization.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic effects of parasitization by the barnacle Polyascus plana (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Sacculinidae) on a grapsid host, Metopograpsus thukuhar

Hsiao¹,

Wu²,

Tung³

et al. 2016

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…However, stress or pathology resulting from disease infection has previously been associated with either increases (Telford 1968, SpindlerBarth 1976, Santos & Keller 1993, Powell & Rowley 2008 or decreases (Stentiford et al 2001) in glucose levels. Parasites may absorb glucose from haemolymph, thereby forcing the host to resupply tissues with this sugar from glycogen reserves in the hepatopancreas in order to maintain carbohydrate homeostasis (Stentiford et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Davies¹,

Vogan²,

Rowley³

2015

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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The gills of the European lobster Homarus gammarus (L.) are susceptible to parasitization by the copepod Nicothoë astaci, the lobster louse. This copepod feeds on haemolymph of the host and can damage the gills, potentially affecting gaseous exchange capabilities. To investigate the host response to the parasite, haemolymph levels of total protein, haemocyanin, glucose and ammonia were quantified in adult lobsters carrying varying parasite loads. Parasite loads correlated positively with total haemolymph protein and haemocyanin concentrations but not with glucose or ammonia concentrations. The data suggest that lobsters with gills damaged by the feeding activities of N. astaci respond by producing higher levels of haemocyanin, which is both a key defence response and may compensate for their decreased respiratory functioning.

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“…We determined Total Haemocyte Counts (THC) as described by Powell & Rowley (2008). For serum chemistry assays, the haemolymph was left for 2 hours on ice to clot, centrifuged (10,000 g; 5 min), and supernatant (serum) split into 50-100 µl fractions and stored at 20°C.…”

Section: Bleeding Regime and Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress response according to transport protocol in Norway lobster, <i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>

Powell

Cowing

Eriksson³

et al. 2017

Crust Res

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Abstract. The Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, is a valuable and commonly exported European decapod crustacean, which experiences stress from point of capture and onward transport. Stressors such as air exposure duration (i.e. emersion period) and air temperature have been studied previously. We investigated whether mortality could be reduced by decreasing road vibrations during transport, and how physiological stress measurements were influenced in a transport simulation experiment, reflecting a typical short road journey along a supply chain. Baseline haemolymph samples were taken from lobsters sampled immediately after commercial capture using static traps (lobster pots). Individuals were emersed for one hour, either immobile or with continuous shaking; the latter to simulate conditions occurring during transport. Both treatments significantly increased Total Haemocyte Counts (THC) and serum glucose, lactate and ammonium concentrations compared to baseline animals. Individuals subjected to continuous shaking showed higher glucose and ammonium concentrations compared to individuals maintained immobile. We conclude that shaking appears to influence the physiological responses of N. norvegicus in addition to the effects of emersion alone, and the reduction of road vibrations (e.g. via simple cushioning) can reduce post-transport mortality.

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Tissue changes in the shore crab Carcinus maenas as a result of infection by the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini

Cited by 36 publications

References 15 publications

Metabolic effects of parasitization by the barnacle Polyascus plana (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Sacculinidae) on a grapsid host, Metopograpsus thukuhar

Metabolic effects of parasitization by the barnacle Polyascus plana (Cirripedia: Rhizocephala: Sacculinidae) on a grapsid host, Metopograpsus thukuhar

Effect of the copepod parasite Nicothoë astaci on haemolymph chemistry of the European lobster Homarus gammarus

Stress response according to transport protocol in Norway lobster, <i>Nephrops norvegicus</i>

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