Tissue differences, dose–response relationship and persistence of DNA adducts in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene

Genotoxicity and activation of cellular defenses in transplanted zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha along the Seine river

“…The same range of DNA adduct formation was previously noticed in laboratory experiments where D. polymorpha exposed to Benzo[a] pyrene depicted DNA adducts ranging from 1.3 to 5.19 adducts/10 9 nucleotides in gills and from 0.9 to 2.29 adducts/10 9 nucleotides in the digestive glands (Châtel et al, 2012). This was also comparable to marine mussels exposed to the same xenobiotic (Canova et al, 1998;Skarphéinsdóttir et al, 2003;Akcha et al, 2000). Michel et al (2013) observed that Bougival and Triel presented highest concentrations of PAHs in water in April and June compared to Marnay site, correlated with high concentration of PAHs in soft tissues, indicating that mussels were not able to detoxify those compounds.…”

“…The specific adduct found in organs of mussels from Marnay could be due to other pollutants including pesticides or pharmaceuticals (Ginebreda et al, 2014). Globally, more individual adducts and higher amount of adduct # 1, which correspond to B(a)P adducts, are formed in digestive glands rather than in gills as mostly demonstrated in literature (Châtel et al, 2012;Skarphéinsdóttir et al, 2003). In a previous laboratory study, we demonstrated that zebra mussels induced a tissue-specific formation of DNA adducts after 5 days of B[a]P exposure and that levels were persistent 28 days after the end of exposure (Châtel et al, 2012).…”

“…In a previous laboratory study, we demonstrated that zebra mussels induced a tissue-specific formation of DNA adducts after 5 days of B[a]P exposure and that levels were persistent 28 days after the end of exposure (Châtel et al, 2012). Skarphéinsdóttir et al (2003) have proved that in M. galloprovincialis gills exposed to PAHs, DNA adducts were persistent after 2 weeks of exposure (whereas PAHs tissue concentration was not detectable in gills at this time point) indicating the interest of measuring DNA adduct levels rather than PAHs bioaccumulation in tissues. …”

“…Indeed, a few studies in fluvial or lake areas have underlined the interest of using DNA adducts (Pfohl-Leszkowicz et al, 1993;Le Goff et al, 2006;Rocher et al, 2006;Al-Subiai et al, 2012;Cachot et al, 2013) and DNA strand breaks (Binelli et al, 2007;Jha, 2008;Michel et al, 2013) for biological effects evaluation of chemical contamination. DNA adducts formation was observed in both marine mussels (Akcha et al, 2000;Skarphéinsdóttir et al, 2003;Pisoni et al, 2004;Amat et al, 2004;Bocquéné et al, 2004;Rocher et al, 2006) and freshwater mussels (Le Rocher et al, 2006;Châtel et al, 2012), exposed to model PAHs which indicate that these species are able to metabolize benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) into reactive metabolites that can bind to DNA and form DNA adducts. Moreover, field experiments have demonstrated a correlation between level of PAHs pollution and formation of DNA adduct in freshwater mussels (Le Rocher et al, 2006).…”

DNA adducts and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) tissue levels in blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) from Nordic coastal sites

“…For a detailed description see Skarphedinsdottir et al (2003). DNA adducts were analysed with the nuclease P 1 version of the 32 P-postlabelling method as described in Reichert and French (1994), with some modifications.…”