Tissue-Protective Effect of Erdosteine on Multiple-Organ Injuries Induced by Fine Particulate Matter

Abstract

Background Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the air pollutant that most threatens global public health. The purpose of this study was to observe the inflammatory and oxidative stress injury of multiple organs induced by PM2.5 in rats and to explore the tissue-protective effect of erdosteine. Material/Methods We randomly divided 40 male Wistar rats into a blank control group, a saline group, a PM2.5 exposure group, and an erdosteine intervention group. We assessed changes in organs tissue homogenate and biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Results (1) The expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, 8-OHdG, 4-HNE, and PCC in serum and BALF of the PM2.5 exposure group increased, but decreased after treatment with erdosteine, suggesting that erdosteine treatment attenuates inflammatory and oxidative stress injury. (2) The expression of γ-GCS in serum and lungs in the PM2.5 exposure group increased, but did not change significantly after treatment with erdosteine. This suggests that PM2.5 upregulates the level of γ-GCS, while erdosteine does not affect this protective response. (3) The expression of T-AOC in serum, lungs, spleens, and kidneys of the PM2.5 exposure group decreased, but increased after treatment with erdosteine. Our results suggest that PM2.5 can cause imbalance of oxidation/anti-oxidation in multiple organs, and erdosteine can alleviate this imbalance. Conclusions PM2.5 exposure can lead to inflammatory and oxidative stress damage in serum and organ tissues of rats. Erdosteine may be an effective anti-inflammatory and antioxidant that can reduce this injury.

The Promising Effects of Erdosteine and Vitamin B in the Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Model in Anesthetized Rats

“…The effects of erdosteine and substances with different protective effects on ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) injury have been documented in various organ systems, including the heart, kidneys, central nervous system, lungs, skeletal muscles, and intestines [20][21][22][23]. Cao et al [20] reported that erdosteine has a protective effect which reduces oxidative stress and neutrophil accumulation against distant organ lung injury after hindlimb I/R. In a separate study, researchers reported the potential protective effects of erdosteine, an antioxidant, on unilateral testicular reperfusion injury in rats.…”

“…In a separate study, researchers reported the potential protective effects of erdosteine, an antioxidant, on unilateral testicular reperfusion injury in rats. The study involved four groups of rats: control, torsion, torsion/detorsion, and torsion/detorsion + erdosteine [20]. Tunç et al [22] investigated whether rats treated with erdosteine and ebselen displayed a beneficial effect against intestinal injury and their combinations.…”