Titanium Alloys for Dental Implants: A Review

Abstract

The topic of titanium alloys for dental implants has been reviewed. The basis of the review was a search using PubMed, with the large number of references identified being reduced to a manageable number by concentrating on more recent articles and reports of biocompatibility and of implant durability. Implants made mainly from titanium have been used for the fabrication of dental implants since around 1981. The main alloys are so-called commercially pure titanium (cpTi) and Ti-6Al-4V, both of which give clinical success rates of up to 99% at 10 years. Both alloys are biocompatible in contact with bone and the gingival tissues, and are capable of undergoing osseointegration. Investigations of novel titanium alloys developed for orthopaedics show that they offer few advantages as dental implants. The main findings of this review are that the alloys cpTi and Ti-6Al-4V are highly satisfactory materials, and that there is little scope for improvement as far as dentistry is concerned. The conclusion is that these materials will continue to be used for dental implants well into the foreseeable future.

Peri-Implant Diseases: Diagnosis, Clinical, Histological, Microbiological Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. A Narrative Review

“…Dental implants are reliable treatments with a mean survival rate of 94.6% [ 5 ]. Particularly, implants with the use of the commercially pure titanium as well as with the Ti-6Al-4V alloy can reach survival rates of up to 99% [ 6 ]. The currently well-established surface processing with sandblasting and acid etching allowed for shorter osseointegration time and increased bone-implant contact [ 7 ].…”

Biological and Chemo-Physical Features of Denture Resins

“…Therefore, it is also necessary to keep in mind the maintenance of the dentures. With the periodic relining of the prosthesis, that is, the complete remaking of the surface in contact with the mucosa according to the changes that have occurred in the mouth, these problems will be limited, ensuring a better distribution of forces [ 78 , 85 ].…”

Effect of Autoclaving Time on Corrosion Resistance of Sandblasted Ti G4 in Artificial Saliva

“…There are also no reports of allergic reactions to titanium. Due to these unique properties, titanium and its alloys are widely used in modern implantology, particularly for the production of dental implants [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Other popular metals in dentistry are also silver, gold and palladium.…”

“…A particularly important role in achieving the initial stability of the implant-bone tissue connection plays the chemical and phase composition as well as the topography of the implant surface [ 8 , 9 ]. Surface roughness and porosity has been proven to be an essential requirement for long-term implants that are used in dentistry [ 1 ]. These factors determine the good mechanical stability of the implant as well as the proper course of the implant osseointegration process with bone tissue [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”