Titanium-based matrix composites reinforced with particulate, microstructure, and mechanical properties using spark plasma sintering technique: a review

Falodun, Oluwasegun Eso; Obadele, Babatunde Abiodun; Oke, Samuel Ranti; Okoro, Avwerosuoghene Moses; Olubambi, Peter Apata

doi:10.1007/s00170-018-03281-x

Cited by 50 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal matrix composites are the subject of numerous studies [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Particle-reinforced titanium matrix composites (PRTMCs) have been widely studied and have proved to be excellent materials for critical applications such as aerospace, defense and medical instruments due to isotropic homogeneity, improved modulus and high-temperature characteristics [ 1 ]. Among various reinforcements for such titanium-based composites, in situ formed TiB has been deemed as one of the reinforcements with the most potential owing to its high Young modulus, elevated specific strength, brilliant thermal stability and clean and strong metallurgical bonding interface with matrix [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Ti6Al4V/TiB Composites Prepared by Hydrogen-Assisted Sintering of Blends Containing TiH2 and Ball-Milled Ti+TiB2 Powders

et al. 2022

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In the present study, 98.6–99.5% dense in situ reinforced Ti6Al4V/TiB composites were manufactured with a newly developed approach based on hydrogen-assisted blended elemental powder metallurgy (BEPM). The approach includes the activation milling of titanium powder produced with hydrogenation-dehydrogenation (HDH-Ti powder) with finer TiB2 additives, following blending with TiH2 and master alloy (MA) powders, and final press-and-sinter operations. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations prove the formation of microstructures with improved density and homogeneous distribution of TiB reinforcements in a sintered Ti6Al4V matrix. Hardness and compressive tests validated the high mechanical characteristics of produced composites. The effect of preliminary milling time over 2–6 h and the ratio of hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated titanium powders used (TiH2 vs. HDH Ti) on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied to further optimize the processing parameters. Test results indicate the above approach can be regarded as a promising route for the cost-effective manufacturing of Ti6Al4V/TiB composite with reduced porosity, tailored microstructure uniformity, acceptable impurity level and, hence, mechanical characteristics sufficient for practice applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Ti6Al4V/TiB Composites Prepared by Hydrogen-Assisted Sintering of Blends Containing TiH2 and Ball-Milled Ti+TiB2 Powders

et al. 2022

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“…Proper distribution of particles in a metal matrix is extremely important to achieve intended enhanced properties such as improved wear characteristics [ 14 , 15 ]. Nanoscale grain size in material plays an important role in microstructural changes during sintering at a faster rate due to the larger reaction area [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Composites reinforced with nanoceramic particles may be categorized into two groups that are mainly based on microstructural evaluation: (1) nanocomposites fabricated through the dispersion strengthening process of nanosized particles within micron-sized matrix grains or dispersed at the boundary of the grains within the matrix, and (2) nanometer scale with nanocomposites where both matrix grains and reinforcement are in the nanoscale [ 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the most effective reinforcement, the following particles are considered: TiN, TiC, WC, Si 3 N 4 , SiC, TiB 2 , TiB, Al 2 O 3 , and carbon nanotubes (CNT) [ 15 , 16 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Extensive investigations were performed on (TiB + TiC)–Ti composites [ 2 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual Stress Induced by Addition of Nanosized TiC in Titanium Matrix Composite

et al. 2022

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A hot pressing process was employed to produce titanium-based composites. Nanosized TiC particles were incorporated in order to improve mechanical properties of the base material. The amount of nanosized additions in the composites was 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt %, respectively. Moreover, a TiB phase was produced by in situ method during sintering process. The microstructure of the Ti–TiB–TiC composites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Due to the hot pressing process the morphology of primary TiC particles was changed. Observed changes in the size and shape of the reinforcing phase suggest the transformation of primary carbides into secondary carbides. Moreover, an in situ formation of TiB phase was observed in the material. Additionally, residual stress measurements were performed and revealed a mostly compressive nature with the fine contribution of shear. With an increase in TiC content, linear stress decreased, which was also related with the presence of the TiB phase.

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“…Amongst the metal matrix composites used in numerous engineering applications, the demand for titanium-based nanocomposites have spurred unprecedented attention in various automobile, biomedical and aerospace industries [14]. Furthermore, titanium and its alloys are highly desirable in various industrial and technological applications owing to their excellent corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, weldability, specific strength and lightweight [15][16][17]. Titanium alloys are classified into various grades depending on their compositions, phases and properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Titanium-Based Nanocomposites Developed by Spark Plasma Sintering

et al. 2020

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In this study, the role of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V-based composites was investigated. This was conducted by dispersing different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 wt%) of MWCNT into the Ti6Al4V matrix using shift-speed ball milling technique. Thereafter, the Ti6Al4V and the nanocomposites were consolidated via the spark plasma sintering technique. Various characterization techniques; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and light microscopy were conducted to understand the microstructural evolution of the samples after the dispersion and sintering process. Subsequently, micromechanical and nanoindentation was carried out to reveal the mechanical properties of the fabricated samples. The morphological examination using SEM and TEM revealed the dispersibility of MWCNT dispersed within the Ti6Al4V matrix. Besides, the selected area diffraction and the fast Fourier Transform pattern demonstrated that the increase in concentration of the MWCNT exposed the nanotubes to adverse stresses during the dispersion process. Furthermore, the incorporation and increase in concentration of the MWCNT in the titanium alloy resulted in microstructural and phase changes, which translate to tremendous improvements in microhardness, nanohardness and elastic modulus up to 46.9%, 150.8%, and 169.5% respectively.

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Titanium-based matrix composites reinforced with particulate, microstructure, and mechanical properties using spark plasma sintering technique: a review

Cited by 50 publications

References 84 publications

In Situ Ti6Al4V/TiB Composites Prepared by Hydrogen-Assisted Sintering of Blends Containing TiH2 and Ball-Milled Ti+TiB2 Powders

In Situ Ti6Al4V/TiB Composites Prepared by Hydrogen-Assisted Sintering of Blends Containing TiH2 and Ball-Milled Ti+TiB2 Powders

Residual Stress Induced by Addition of Nanosized TiC in Titanium Matrix Composite

Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Titanium-Based Nanocomposites Developed by Spark Plasma Sintering

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