Titanium hydride and hydrogen concentration in acid‐etched commercially pure titanium and titanium alloy implants: a comparative analysis of five implant systems

Abstract

High solubility of hydrogen in the beta-phase of the alloy is preventing hydrogen from precipitating into TiH. All implants, even those lacking TiH at the surface, were enriched with hydrogen. In all implants, hydrogen concentration was within the normative limit of 130 ppm.

Influence of different acid etchings on the superficial characteristics of Ti sandblasted with Al2O3

“…First, AT1 was able to remove almost all content of Al from the surface. Second, according to the observations of SzmuklerMoncler et al 36 , for cp Ti, the absorbed hydrogen could not be related to the vigor of the etching bath.…”

Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Implant Surfaces With or Without High Surface Free Energy: Experimental and Clinical Background

“…Taborelli et al confi rmed the water contact angle of the SLA surface about 117° ± 2.7 [ 20 ], while Buser et al measured the dynamic contact angle (DCA) of the SLA surface and the results indicated that the SLA surface was hydrophobic (DCA = 138.3° ± 4.2) [ 11 ]. During acid-etching, the titanium oxide layer is dissolved, and small native hydrogen ions diffuse into the unprotected implant surface, which enrich the implant surface with hydrogen and precipitate into titanium hydride (TiH) [ 21 ]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of SLA-treated titanium samples showed the presence of 20-40 % of titanium hydride (d-TiH2-x) in addition to titanium [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Development of titanium oxide layer containing nanocrystalline zirconia particles with tetragonal structure: Structural and biological characteristics

“…Therefore, in order to enhance osseointegration, substantial attention has been paid to studies of the formation of micropores or roughness on the surface of titanium implant, as well as the incorporation of bioactive materials into the titanium oxide layer [6][7][8]. In this regard, methods for developing the surface properties, such as titanium plasma spraying, chemical etching, sand-blasting, anodizing, etc., have been studied extensively [9][10][11][12]. Among them, a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process has been highlighted as a cost effective and potential process for modifying the surface structure and chemical composition of the titanium implant with complex geometries.…”