Titanium surface processing by nanosecond laser radiation

Abstract

Институт электрофизики и электроэнергетики РАН, Дворцовая наб. 18, 191186 Санкт-Петербург Теоретически и экспериментально продемонстрирована возможность формирования нанорельефа на поверхности титана методом прямого лазерного наноструктурирования. С помощью атомно-силовой микроскопии определе-ны характерные формы и размеры поверхностных наноструктур. Предложена теоретическая модель и произведена оценка характерных параметров наноструктур на поверхности титана. It is demonstrated the possibility of nanorelief forming on the titan surface by direct laser nanostructuring in theorethical and experimental ways. There were measured characteristic forms and sizes of titan surface nanostructures by means of atomic force microscopy. It is suggested the theoretical model for calculation of characteristic parameters of titan surface nanostructures.

Theoretical Basis and Experimental Means of the Hydrophilic Nanostructure Formation Process on the Titanium Surface by Direct Laser Irradiation

“…It is supposed that the power of laser irradiation is such that the phase transition solid-liquid occurs. Then, with appropriate approximation, temperature fields in the liquid   x t phases can be described by the following boundary value problem ( [13], [26], [27]):…”

“…Surface nanostructuring leads to the improvement of nanotribological [1], thermalphysic and thermodynamic [2], electron-emission [3] properties of materials, promotes the increase of implants' biocompatibility ( [4], [5], [6]) as well as leads to the desired alteration of adhesive properties ( [7], [8], [9]) and wettability ( [10], [11]). One of the most promising ways of periodic and/or nonperiodic nanostructure formation on implants' material surface, particularly on a titanium surface, providing the implants with the desired adhesive and wettability properties, is direct laser nanostructuring (see [12], [13] and respective references given in these) which uses only a laser beam with no atomic-force microscope's ancillary needle or masks in order to form a surface nanorelief. The advantage of this method consists in its simplicity and flexibility: (a) the use of a single laser beam of a small size allows one to achieve a high locality of exposure corresponding to the size (100x100 micrometer) of a separate laser spot; (b) the use of a softwareprogrammable laser beam scanning on the implants' material surface with a high irradiation pulse repetition frequency allows to nanostructure sufficiently large surface areas within almost arbitrary boundaries with high spatial resolution.…”

Theoretical Basis and Experimental Means of the Hydrophilic Nanostructure Formation Process on the Titanium Surface by Direct Laser Irradiation

“…where 0  is the Debye oscillation frequency of atoms in a supercooled liquid; U is the activation energy for atom movement; kT  is thermal energy; d is the characteristic size for a single atom; h is the heat of the phase transformation for one atom;  is the average speed of melt cooling. Using the formula (13) one can precisely estimate the characteristic sizeradius of a crystalline phase nucleus, that is, the size of nanostructures appearing on the surface of the processing solid body, while it is melting under laser pulse irradiation.…”

“…Surface nanostructuring leads to the improvement of nanotribological [1], thermalphysic and thermodynamic [2], electron-emission [3] properties of materials, promotes the increase of implants' biocompatibility ([4], [5], [6]) as well as leads to the desired alteration of adhesive properties ( [7], [8], [9]) and wettability ( [10], [11]). One of the most promising ways of periodic and/or nonperiodic nanostructure formation on implants' material surface, particularly on a titanium surface, providing the implants with the desired adhesive and wettability properties, is direct laser nanostructuring (see [12], [13] and respective references given in these) which uses only a laser beam with no atomic-force microscope's ancillary needle or masks in order to form a surface nanorelief. The advantage of this method consists in its simplicity and flexibility: (a) the use of a single laser beam of a small size allows one to achieve a high locality of exposure corresponding to the size (100x100 micrometer) of a separate laser spot; (b) the use of a softwareprogrammable laser beam scanning on the implants' material surface with a high irradiation pulse repetition frequency allows to nanostructure sufficiently large surface areas within almost arbitrary boundaries with high spatial resolution.…”

Features of Brass Processing with Powerful Ultraviolet Lasers of Nanosecond Duration

“…In particular, laser treatment of a number of metals with frequency-pulsed ultraviolet (UV) radiation of nanosecond duration made it possible to increase the adhesion properties of a number of metals, which increased the quality of their diffusion welding [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Such processing consisted of impact the material surface to scanning frequency-pulse radiation of suprathreshold power.…”