“…Furthermore, other articles have highlighted how brand owners have (or may) use a range of various communication methods to nurture client connections, enhance customer happiness and actively retain a customer base (Areni, 2021;Jacobson, 2020;Villegas and Marin, 2021). Subsequently, this cluster emphasizes the need for more research on understudied topics in the current digital era, such as fake news (Vafeiadis et al, 2019), digital marketing (Wang and Chen, 2021), electronic word of mouth (eWOM; Stevens et al, 2021), user-based content (Areni, 2021), internal branding (Saleem and Hawkins, 2021) 12 to 14, respectively. Analyzing the data in these tables reveals that the four aforementioned clusters appeared in some version or another in each decade.…”