Título en español.

López, M. A. Lugo; Juárez, Juan Manzano; Bonnet, J. A.

doi:10.46429/jaupr.v52i3.11510

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Our suggestion is that for all Oxisols and Ultisols, which are highly weathered by definition, a K sat class of at least 1-10 µm s −1 should be assigned by default. This would be consistent with our results presented here, and also with a classic study by Lugo-Lopez et al [29], where eighth hour infiltration rates measured with ring infiltrometers in Oxisols and Ultisols of Puerto Rico always exceeded 0.8 in hr −1 or 5.7 µm s −1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Validation of Soil Survey Estimates of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Major Soils of Puerto Rico

2021

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Ranges or “classes” of probable saturated hydraulic conductivity values (Ksat) are listed for all soil series in USDA-NRCS Soil Survey reports. Listed values are not measured, but rather estimated from other soil properties using a pedotransfer function (PTF). To validate the PTF, we compared estimated Ksat classes with measured values in various horizons of nine major soil series of Puerto Rico. For each horizon, a minimum of 9 and usually 16 Ksat measurements were made with Guelph permeameters near locations where soil pedons had been thoroughly described. In most horizons, Ksat was log-normally distributed. The ratios of Ksat values corresponding to one geometric standard deviation above and below the mean were usually less than 10, which is the ratio of upper and lower class boundaries in the Ksat classification system. For most horizons, measured Ksat values were distributed among the rated Ksat class and the next higher class, indicating that the PTF systematically underestimated the Ksat distributions, but by less than an order of magnitude. From the point of view of soil and water management decisions requiring conservative Ksat estimates, the PTF estimates appeared reasonably conservative without deviating from actual values so as to limit the usefulness of the estimates.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Validation of Soil Survey Estimates of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Major Soils of Puerto Rico

2021

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Forest cover lessens the impact of drought on streamflow in Puerto Rico

Hall

Scholl

Gorokhovich

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Tropical regions are experiencing high rates of forest cover loss coupled with changes in the volume and timing of rainfall. These shifts can compromise streamflow and water provision, highlighting the need to identify how forest cover influences streamflow generation under variable rainfall conditions. Although rainfall is the key driver of streamflow regimes, the role of forests is less clear, particularly in tropical regions where forest loss is an ongoing risk. Forest cover loss alters evapotranspiration, rainfall infiltration and storage, and may increase stream ecosystem vulnerability to rainfall extremes. Puerto Rico, an island with spatially heterogenous forest cover and a marked geographic rainfall gradient, is projected to experience more frequent droughts and flash flooding. Using 15‐min streamflow data collected between 2005 and 2016 from 20 US Geological Survey stream gages and 3‐hourly Multi‐Source Weighted‐Ensemble Precipitation rainfall estimates, we utilized flow‐duration curves and linear mixed regression models to examine the role of forest cover in regulating the timing and volume of streamflow. The mixed model approach helps to account for differences in watershed characteristics. We determined the effects of rainfall and forest cover on low and peak flows in Puerto Rican streams, then evaluated changes in these relationships under dry and wet antecedent rainfall conditions. Watersheds with high forest cover had consistently greater low and peak streamflow than deforested ones under all rainfall conditions, although the effect was more marked during wet antecedent conditions, suggesting that peak flow is largely the result of saturation excess overland flow. During dry antecedent rainfall conditions, highly forested watersheds had higher streamflow than deforested ones, suggesting greater hillslope storage and release may also be at play. Our results demonstrate that forest cover generated a net increase in hillslope infiltration and storage and may lessen drought impacts on streamflow in Puerto Rico. Resilience to prolonged drought may be limited by finite water storage potential in this steep, mountainous setting, highlighting maintenance of forest cover as an important water management strategy to increase infiltration.

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The use of parent material/slope positions as soil mapping units in irrigation soil surveys of Northern Nigeria

Ameyan

1992

Environ Monit Assess

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The problems of different mapping units which hitherto formed the basis for irrigation soil surveys of the savanna landscapes in Nigeria are discussed. Using data from a semi-detailed soil survey, the possibility of establishing the major variations in soil properties which are relevant to irrigation by using a combination of parent material and slope position as mapping units are examined. In the mapping units considered, thirteen topsoil and eleven subsoil properties are significantly different between mapping units and have smaller variances within than between the mapping units. The variations of these topsoil and subsoil properties are also adequately accounted for by using parent material/slope position as a basis for mapping, suggesting that units based on parent material/slope position are of high utility for establishing the irrigation potentials of areas at the feasibility level of survey.

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Título en español.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Validation of Soil Survey Estimates of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Major Soils of Puerto Rico

Validation of Soil Survey Estimates of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Major Soils of Puerto Rico

Forest cover lessens the impact of drought on streamflow in Puerto Rico

The use of parent material/slope positions as soil mapping units in irrigation soil surveys of Northern Nigeria

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