TMD and occlusion part I. Damned if we do? Occlusion: the interface of dentistry and orthodontics

Abstract

Objectives To review how occlusion, facial growth, TM disc position and malocclusion may relate to TMD; to review clinical studies investigating TMD pre-and post-orthodontic treatment as well as other studies linking occlusal features with TMD highlighting their limitations; and to make suggestions for improved study designs in the future in order to provide an evidence-base for clinical practice. Design Review article. Methods Electronic databases (MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) were used to select relevant and frequently cited studies (mean: 28 citations). Citation rate was confi rmed using the Web of Science. Study designs are reviewed and weaknesses discussed. Results Evidence is lacking to suggest static occlusal factors cause TMD. Conclusions Poor study designs have led to much of the controversy over whether occlusal factors (including orthodontics) 'cause' TMD. In order to provide an evidence-base for future clinical practice, suggestions to improve study designs are made.

TMD and occlusion part II. Damned if we don't? Functional occlusal problems: TMD epidemiology in a wider context

“…As described in more detail in Part I, 1 literature searches were carried out using MEDLINE (1966( -November 2005 and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and where possible, studies were only included if they had been cited at least once in the literature as confi rmed by the Web of Science -Science Citation Index expanded, 1900-1914 to 2005 (for part II: range 1-426 citations; mean 40 citations; inter-quartile range 12-32 citations).…”

Temporomandibular disorders with skeletal open bite treated with stabilization splint and zygomatic miniplate anchorage:A case report

“…[15][16][17] The etiology of TMD is not clear but has been generally accepted to be multifactorial. 18,19 Masticatory muscle pain, TMJ sounds, limited jaw opening capacity, and deviations in mandibular movements are common signs and symptoms of TMD, which tend to fluctuate with temporary remissions. 6,20 The actual role of occlusion in the etiology of TMD has been widely debated.…”

Heavy metals and pain in the dysfunctional patient

“…Some metals can also cause an oxidative stress increase, being able to catalyze the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide with the formation of oxydrilic free radicals, promoting inflammatory and degenerative processes as well as the appearance of muscular and articular algic symptomatologies (32,37). The most relevant etiological hypothesis indicate that at the basis of dysfunctional pathologies there is a cooccurrence of different factors, without measuring their effective role (1,38,39). This research points out the necessity that both clinicians and researchers start taking into account the possible correlations between TMD and heavy metals in the oral cavity, also considering the frequent occurrence of both cases in the population.…”