2018
DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.05.022
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TNF-α exerts potent anti-rotavirus effects via the activation of classical NF-κB pathway

Abstract: Active virus-host interactions determine the outcome of pathogen invasions. It has been shown that in isolated dendritic cells (DCs), rotavirus can induce the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), a vital cytokine mediating host immune responses. However, the role of TNF-α in rotavirus infection is unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that TNF-α has potent anti-rotavirus effects, independent of type I interferon production. Blocking of TNF-α by infliximab, a clinically available TNFα antibody, tota… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…In addition, Akt has also been linked to the regulation of Grx1 [45,46], which was also observed in the present study. TNFα is a downstream proinflammatory factor of NF-κB, which was confirmed to be necessary for liver injury induced by ethanol [47]. In the current study, Grx1 ablation further consolidated ethanolinduced increases in TNF-α mRNA and protein levels, which was normalized by blocking NF-κB, confirming the current hypothesis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…In addition, Akt has also been linked to the regulation of Grx1 [45,46], which was also observed in the present study. TNFα is a downstream proinflammatory factor of NF-κB, which was confirmed to be necessary for liver injury induced by ethanol [47]. In the current study, Grx1 ablation further consolidated ethanolinduced increases in TNF-α mRNA and protein levels, which was normalized by blocking NF-κB, confirming the current hypothesis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 86%
“…Intestinal epithelial cells produce a variety of cytokines and chemokines in response to the viral attack, including IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The production of those inflammatory factors is important for the protection against the viral infection through their direct antiviral effects (33) or the recruitment and activation of phagocytes (34). However, infiltration of immune cells to the intestinal mucosa can contribute to the local damage mediated by the inflammatory and oxidative stress (35).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Interestingly, our results suggest that infliximab treatment resulted in inhibition of TNFR/NF-κB signaling in an early life trauma-dependent manner, similar to the overall effects in this clinical trial. Results from preclinical and clinical studies have consistently documented that TNF antagonists modulate NF-κB activity in diverse tissues [31,[44][45][46][47][48]. TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that exerts its effects by binding to two cell-surface receptors (TNFRs 1 and 2), which, through activation of downstream mediators, result in activation of NF-κB.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%