To evaluate the influence of smear layer with different instruments and obturation methods on microleakage of root canal filled teeth: In vitro study

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:The success of root canal treatment depends on proper debridement, instrumentation, proper accessibility, and proper restoration. The presence of a smear layer is considered to be a significant factor. This in vitro study was conducted to assess the effect of the presence/absence of a smear layer on the microleakage of root canal filled teeth using different instruments and obturation methods.Materials and Methods:One hundred extracted mandibular premolars with closed apices and single roots were chosen and then divided into six groups, A to F, consisting of 15 teeth each. The control group included 10 teeth; 5 positive and 5 negative. The teeth were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction. Groups A, B, C, and D were instrumented with engine-driven rotary Protaper NiTi files. Groups E and F were instrumented with conventional stainless steel hand files. Groups A, C, and E were flushed with 3 ml of 17% EDTA to remove the smear layer prior to obturation. All teeth were flushed with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution and obturated with AH-Plus sealer with lateral condensation technique for Groups C, D, E, F and with thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique for Groups A and B. Using an electrochemical technique, leakages in the obturated canals were assessed for 45 days. The results were tabulated using Student's t-test (paired and unpaired t-test) with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Version 21 (IBM Company, New York, USA).Results:Group A showed the lowest mean value at intervals of 10, 20, 30, and 45 days. There was no current flow in the negative controls during the test period. There was leakage in the positive controls within a few minutes of immersion.Conclusion:The results showed that rotary instrumentation contributed toward an exceptional preparation of root canals compared to hand instrumentation. Elimination of the smear layer enhanced the resistance to microleakage; thermoplasticized gutta-percha obturation technique produced a better seal compared to the lateral condensation technique.

Assessment of the Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Ultra-Structure of Dentinal Wall: A Comparative In vitroStudy

“…Although the question to remove or maintain the smear layer had remained debatable for many years, this bacteria-loaded layer may hinder the penetration of the disinfecting agents [9] and acts as a barrier between the filling material and the canal wall compromising the adequate seal formation [10]. Moreover, it is a loosely adherent structure and a potential avenue for leakage between the root canal filling and the dentinal walls [11].…”

The effect of chlorhexidine mixed with mineral trioxide aggregate on bacterial leakage of apical plug in simulated immature teeth using human fresh saliva

“…[ 1 2 ] The most important factors contributing to apical microbial leakage are the obturation technique used, physical and chemical properties of filling material, presence/absence of smear layer, and coronal sealing ability of the restoration. [ 3 4 ] The microbial leakage preventive property of apical plug material is an important factor in the treatment of necrotic immature teeth. [ 5 ] Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is the material of choice in these treatment modalities.…”