Tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence in Bengo Province, Angola: A community-based survey

Abstract

There is concern about the potentially increasing use of tobacco in Angola. However, information on the frequency and determinants of this use is not systematised. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence among smokers in an Angolan population and considering individual socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics. A community-based survey with 2,472 respondents (age range: 15–64 years) was conducted in 2013–2014 in the country’s Bengo Province. The collection methodology for assessing each type of tobacco consumption and its daily quantification followed the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence was also used to assess smokers. Mean values for prevalence of tobacco use and nicotine dependence were estimated by sex and by previously defined variables. Daily smoking (6.1%) was found to be higher for males (10.0%) them among females (2.6%), and the amount of ex-smokers (7.5%) was higher them smokers. Only 0.2% of those surveyed reported use of smokeless (chewing) tobacco. One-third of ever-smokers reported having started smoking daily before age 18. Nicotine dependence levels were classified as very low or low in 83.6% of the smokers. Daily smoking prevalence increased with age, and was higher in rural areas and among individuals with no formal education, lower incomes, and alcohol consumption. This population presented a low smoking prevalence, along with a low number of daily smoked cigarettes and low levels of nicotine dependency, despite the low prices of, and easy access to, manufactured cigarettes. These two factors conjugated with the current absence of an Angolan policy for tobacco control, enhance the susceptibility for rising overall tobacco use in the near future.

Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Correlates of Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Four Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study of Middle-Aged Adults

“…In the combined sample, more than half of the men ever smoked, and 34.5% were current smokers. A similarly high prevalence of current smoking was previously reported in men from other African countries (2,4,12,13,18,(20)(21)(22). Age was neither strongly correlated with current smoking nor smokeless tobacco consumption in our study.…”

“…Results for each of the sites showed a much higher prevalence of smoking in the AWI-Gen cohort compared to the age-adjusted prevalence for men in their respective countries in 2015 (Nanoro 13.6% vs Burkina Faso 12.5%, Navrongo 42.0% vs Ghana 5.8%, Nairobi 23.5% vs Kenya 14.9%, and Agincourt 27.2%, Dikgale 63.4%, and Soweto 52.8% vs South Africa 21.9%) (37). Patterns of tobacco use were highly sex-speci c, with smoking tobacco most common among men and women preferring snuff or chewing tobacco, supporting previous ndings in SA, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Kenya and Angola (2,4,12,13,18,(20)(21)(22). In the combined sample, more than half of the men ever smoked, and 34.5% were current smokers.…”

Prevalence of Nicotine Dependence Among Industrial Workers in Myanmar

“…This present study stated that 43.2% of the respondents had low nicotine dependence which is consistent with the findings of the community based study which was conducted among 572 urban slums in India (Saha, Islam, Paul, & Som, 2017). This present study found that only 1.4% of the participants had very high nicotine dependence which is consistence with the result of community based survey from Angola which was conducted among 2,472 respondents on tobacco consumption and nicotine dependence (Pedro, Brito, & Barros, 2017). These findings can be due to the participation of younger age group including fewer years of cigarette smoking and lesser number of cigarettes smoked per week which leads to low nicotine dependence.…”

Health Belief Model and PRECEDE PROCEED on the Risk Factors of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis in Surakarta, Central Java

“…10. The association of alcohol consumption and MDR TB through smoking Habit of consuming alcohol can give impact to one's habit or behavior that tend to smoke (Pedro et al, 2017). Result of the study showed that there was an indirect association between alcohol consumption and MDR TB incidences through variable of smoking.…”