Tobacco mosaic virus infection spreads cell to cell as intact replication complexes

Kawakami, Shigeki; Watanabe, Yoshihisa; Beachy, Roger N.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0401221101

Cited by 272 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Gillespie et al (2002) and Heinlein and Epel (2004) postulated that PD broadening in induced MP may enable an active transport of vesicles from ER (with MP-vRNA) due to microfilaments. It was estimated that cell-to-cell transport of the vesicles (with virus complex) with the cytoskeleton involved in I-stage infection cells reaches 160 nm/s (Kawakami et al 2004). The movement of the viral replication complex from the place of I-stage infection to adjacent cells is spotted within 20 h, whereas from the place of II-stage infection to adjacent cells within 4 h (Kawakami et al 2004).…”

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I-class b-1,3-glucanase limits callose accumulation near PD which is induced by viral infection due to the diffusion of MP-vRNA-replication complex in ER-desmotubules membranes (Fig. 1) (Gillespie et al 2002;Kawakami et al 2004;Liu et al 2005). GuenouneGelbart et al (2008) suggested that the cytoskeleton is not directly involved.…”

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was estimated that cell-to-cell transport of the vesicles (with virus complex) with the cytoskeleton involved in I-stage infection cells reaches 160 nm/s (Kawakami et al 2004). The movement of the viral replication complex from the place of I-stage infection to adjacent cells is spotted within 20 h, whereas from the place of II-stage infection to adjacent cells within 4 h (Kawakami et al 2004). Similar effects were noticed in MP TMV (MP:GFP) movement-observed after around 24 h after the construct injection.…”

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In line with the given assumptions, MP can either directly or indirectly change properties of the wall surrounding PD, which can lead to PD broadening. Possibly it is connected with transport to ER with the use of cytoskeleton or ER vesicles which contains MP-vRNA complex moving across PD (Kawakami et al 2004;Boevink and Oparka 2005;Lin et al 2005;Wright et al 2007). When MP is not present, PD ER is stationary (Heinlein and Epel 2004).…”

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such complex may spread cell-to-cell to reach ERdesmotubules in the form of vesicles (Peremyslov et al 1999;Liu et al 2005) or through diffusion to ER membranes. Probably ER vesicles move to PD along actin filaments (Kawakami et al 2004). The newest Hofmann et al (2009) findings are consistent with the model that MP or MP/vRNP particles trafficking is rather mediated by ER (primarily) than involved in direct interaction with actin filaments.…”

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cell-to-cell movement of three genera (+) ss RNA plant viruses

Otulak

Garbaczewska

2010

Acta Physiol Plant

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The current investigations of three genera plant virus cell-to-cell movement were presented. Viruses reveal different local transport strategies, but all of them are the results of virus factors-host components interactions. The Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) does not require capsid protein for translocation through plasmodesmata but 30 K movement protein participates in this process. It was found direct or indirect TMV movement proteins host partners in Tobamovirus movement like: pectin methylesterase, movement protein binding 2C, chaperones or cytoskeleton components and endoplasmatic reticulum membranes. The Potex-and Potyvirus cell-to-cell movement is closely related to replication network. The PVX capsid protein and triple gene block protein system are responsible for efficient local transport. Potyviruses move through the plasmodesmata by involving viral encoded proteins but not specific movement proteins. While the Potyvirus is the biggest known plant virus genus, host components participating in or regulating directly its plasmodesmata-movement are still not clear.

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Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mp Tmv and Its Partners In Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cell-to-cell movement of three genera (+) ss RNA plant viruses

Otulak

Garbaczewska

2010

Acta Physiol Plant

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Plant Virus Movement

Tilsner

Taliansky

Torrance

2014

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Plant virus movement is the process of the spread of virus genetic material from the initially infected cells to the rest of the plant. There are several distinct stages including intracellular movement from sites of virus replication to plasmodesmata (PD) (plant‐specific intercellular nanopores), cell‐to‐cell trafficking through PD and long‐distance movement between organs through the phloem (the specialized vascular system used by plants for the transport of assimilates and macromolecules). Transport is mediated by virus‐encoded ‘movement’ proteins. Several different types of movement proteins can be distinguished, which share properties such as nucleic acid binding, targeting and dilation of PD, and intercellular movement. These functions can be distributed amongst several movement proteins. Some movement proteins form a hollow tubule through PD which allows the passage of virus particles, but for the majority of viruses, the precise mechanism of transport through PD is still unknown. Key Concepts: Plant viruses need to overcome the barrier of the cell wall to spread from the initially infected cells to the rest of the plant. Local cell‐to‐cell movement occurs through PD which are plant‐specific membrane‐lined nanopores that connect adjoining cells. Long‐distance movement between plant organs occurs through the phloem, one of the two components of the plant's vasculature. Viral cell‐to‐cell movement constitutes an extreme population bottleneck and needs to stay ahead of plant defence signals trafficking through the same channels. Movement is mediated by one or several virus‐encoded movement proteins, which facilitate transport of virus genomes or virus particles between cells. The transported form of the viral genome is usually either a virus particle that can be modified, or a nonvirion ribonucleoprotein complex containing RNA and movement proteins. Local and long‐distance movement forms can be different. Two different movement mechanisms are observed: insertion of a MP‐comprised tubule into PD that forms a conduit for virus particles, or tubule‐less movement by an unknown mechanism. Mechanisms contributing to PD dilation may include breakdown of the polysaccharide callose in the surrounding cell wall and severing of actin filaments. Viruses use elements of the cell's cytoskeleton and/or endomembrane system to get from replication sites to PD, or replication and movement can be spatially linked at PD. Nuclear host factors are required for long‐distance movement of some viruses.

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Plant Virus Movement and the Impact ofRNASilencing

Heinlein

2009

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Plant virus‐encoded movement proteins support the spread of viral genomes through plasmodesmata and thus represent keys to the molecular mechanisms underlying macromolecular trafficking and intercellular communication. Although Tobacco mosaic virus employs a movement mechanism involving the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/actin network and microtubules, other viruses interact with membranes of the secretory or endocytic pathways. In addition to replication and targeting of plasmodesmata, efficient virus movement depends on the ability of the virus to interact with the ribonucleic acid (RNA) silencing machinery. Viruses generally encode proteins that suppress silencing and, thus, enhance replication and systemic movement. However, new findings suggest that viruses may also be able to subvert the host silencing machinery to manipulate gene expression in cells to be invaded. Thus, successful virus movement relies on orchestrated interactions of virus‐encoded proteins with the cellular transport and RNA silencing immune systems of the plant. Key concepts Viruses and other macromolecules are transported through plasmodesmata. Virus movement requires virus‐encoded proteins and interacting host factors. Viruses use different strategies of movement. Viruses interfere with RNA silencing in complex ways.

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Tobacco mosaic virus infection spreads cell to cell as intact replication complexes

Cited by 272 publications

References 52 publications

Cell-to-cell movement of three genera (+) ss RNA plant viruses

Cell-to-cell movement of three genera (+) ss RNA plant viruses

Plant Virus Movement

Plant Virus Movement and the Impact ofRNASilencing

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