Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Neuropsychopharmacology: Some Future Research Directions

Domino, M.D Edward F

doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(97)00193-0

Cited by 47 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…As the primary neuroactive alkaloid in tobacco, nicotine ( Fig. 5A ) has been the focus of a great deal of research in recent decades, and has been found to have an increasing number of harmful effects on human health 23 24 . The electroanalytical detection of nicotine or its primary metabolite, cotinine ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles

Jing

Yuan

Qiu

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Polydopamine functionalized reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle (PDA-RGO/Au) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a simple and mild procedure. The PDA-RGO/Au nanocomposite is successfully formed in an aqueous buffer solution (pH 8.5) without using any reducing agent. FTIR confirmed the successful coating of PDA and informed the reduction of the surface functional groups of GO. The formation of reduced GO and Au NPs was further evidenced by UV-Vis and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. This method is environmentally friendly and highly beneficial for the mass production of graphene-noble metal based nanocomposite. The as prepared PDA-RGO/Au nanocomposite could greatly enhance the electrochemical oxidation of nicotine. We fabricated an electrochemical nicotine sensor based on the prepared PDA-RGO/Au nanocomposite. The proposed nicotine sensor showed a wide detection range from 0.05 to 500 μM with a low detection limit of 0.015 μM. Moreover, the proposed nicotine sensor was also successfully applied for determination nicotine content in tobacco products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles

Jing

Yuan

Qiu

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…In this study, there was a large variation in the level of free nicotine across the brands, and this is similar to a prior study in selected U.S. STPs (Stepanov et al, 2008a). This is due to varying ammonia levels that are known to affect pH by converting nicotine to free nicotine (Domino, 1998); substantially higher amounts of ammonia was found in conventional compared to low-TSNA moist snuff products in this study. The variation for free nicotine presumably affects the addictive potential and the risk of nicotine-related adverse effects, where U.S. low-TSNA moist snuff products are designed to be lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Chemical and toxicological characteristics of conventional and low-TSNA moist snuff tobacco products

et al. 2016

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Use of smokeless tobacco products (STPs) is associated with oral cavity cancer and other health risks. Comprehensive analysis for chemical composition and toxicity is needed to compare conventional and newer STPs with lower tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) yields. Seven conventional and 12 low-TSNA moist snuff products purchased in the U.S., Sweden, and South Africa were analyzed for 19 chemical constituents (International Agency for Research on Cancer classified carcinogens), pH, nicotine, and free nicotine. Chemicals were compared in each product using Wilcoxon rank-sum test and principle component analysis (PCA). Conventional compared to low-TSNA moist snuff products had higher ammonia, benzo[a]pyrene, cadmium, nickel, nicotine, nitrate, and TSNAs and had lower arsenic in dry weight content and per mg nicotine. Lead and chromium were significantly higher in low-TSNA moist snuff products. PCA showed a clear difference for constituents between conventional and low-TSNA moist snuff products. Differences among products were reduced when considered on a per mg nicotine basis. As one way to contextualize differences in constituent levels, probabilistic lifetime cancer risk was estimated for chemicals included in The University of California's Carcinogenic Potency Database (CPDB). Estimated probabilistic cancer risks were 3.77-fold or 3-fold higher in conventional compared to low-TSNA moist snuff products under dry weight or under per mg nicotine content, respectively. In vitro testing for the STPs indicated low level toxicity and no substantial differences. The comprehensive chemical characterization of both conventional and low-TSNA moist snuff products from this study provides a broader assessment of understanding differences in carcinogenic potential of the products. In addition, the high levels and probabilistic cancer risk estimates for certain chemical constituents of smokeless tobacco products will further inform regulatory decision makers and aid them in their efforts to reduce carcinogen exposure in smokeless tobacco products.

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“…It is a psychostimulant drug of the phenethylamine class that produces increased wakefulness and focus in association with decreased fatigue and appetite. When amphetamines are used, the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine are released from nerve endings in the brain and their reuptake is reverted (Domino 1998). This influx causes the upsurge of neurotransmitters at synapses in the brain.…”

Section: Amphetamine (Amph)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…METH is an addictive stimulant that is closely related to amphetamine. 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), also known as ecstasy, XTC, Adam, E, X, clarity, Stacy, love drug, is an amphetamine derivative that has gained significant popularity in recent years and has become the recreational drug of choice for many adolescents and adults (Domino 1998;Khairnar et al 2010;Mohamed et al 2011). Though, the impacts of MDMA on the central nervous system (CNS) is still central to debate, MDMA has been reported to affect the brain by increasing the activity of at least three neurotransmitters: serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.…”

Section: Methamphetamine (Meth)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Risk of Amphetamine-Related Stimulants to Users and the General Population in Nigeria

Adeniyi,

Ishola,

Olabiyi

et al. 2016

Nig J Neurosci

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In different communities across the globe, we see more of divergence from normal and/or expected behaviour; some psychotic in nature while others are neurodegenerative diseases of unknown origin. However, the use or exposure to some psycho stimulants at any stage of an individual’s development may not be unconnected with these developments. The aim of this review is to enlighten policy makers across the globe to safe guard the rest of the populace from the psycho-social effects of the proliferation in the unlawful production and use of Amphetamine (AMPH) and its derivatives in our society. A number of amphetamine derivatives, such as AMPH and methylamphetamine (METH), are considered dopaminergic neurotoxicants; they usually resulted in long-term depletions of striatal dopamine that is accompanied by neuroinflammation and by changes indicative of neuronal terminals degeneration.

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Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Neuropsychopharmacology: Some Future Research Directions

Cited by 47 publications

References 138 publications

Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles

Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles

Chemical and toxicological characteristics of conventional and low-TSNA moist snuff tobacco products

The Risk of Amphetamine-Related Stimulants to Users and the General Population in Nigeria

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