Tobacco-specific nitrosamines: A literature review

Konstantinou, Evangelia; Fotopoulou, Foteini; Drosos, Athanasios; Dimakopoulou, Nektaria; Zagoriti, Zoi; Niarchos, Athanasios; Makrynioti, Dimitra; Kouretas, Demetrios; Farsalinos, Konstantinos; Lagoumintzis, George; Poulas, Konstantinos

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.008

Cited by 107 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In previous studies, the amount of TSNAs was highly correlated with the nicotine and nitrite content in the E-solution cartridge. The amount of the four TSNAs in the EC solution is extremely small, which is consistent with the low amount of nicotine in the drug product: 8.18 ng g −1 of four total TSNAs on 16 mg of nicotine in cartridge [35,49,50]. This implies that the six types of EC solution that were tested in this study probably rely on using a small amount of nicotine with the impurities removed.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Commercial Ec Productsupporting

confidence: 71%

Analytical Method for Measurement of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in E-Cigarette Liquid and Aerosol

et al. 2018

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An experimental method was developed and validated for the collection and analysis of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) that are present in electronic cigarette (EC) liquid or are released from aerosol samples using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. As part of this study, the relative recovery of four target TSNAs was assessed by spiking standards in a mixture of propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin. Recovery was assessed against two major variables: (1) the chemical media (solution) selected for sample dilution (acetonitrile [ACN] vs. ammonium acetate [AA]) and (2) the type of sampling filter used (Cambridge filter pad [CFP] vs. quartz wool [QW] tube). The average recovery of TSNAs in terms of variable 1 was 134 ± 22.1% for ACN and 92.6 ± 8.27% for AA. The average recovery in terms of variable 2 was 83.4 ± 7.33% for QW and 58.5 ± 12.9% for CFP. Based on these conditions, the detection limits of N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), N′-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), and N′-nitrosoanabasine (NAB) were calculated as 4.40, 4.47, 3.71, and 3.28 ng mL−1, respectively. The concentration of TSNAs in liquid and aerosol samples of six commercial EC solutions was measured as below the detection limit.

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Section: Evaluation Of Commercial Ec Productsupporting

confidence: 71%

Analytical Method for Measurement of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in E-Cigarette Liquid and Aerosol

et al. 2018

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“…However, six malignant neoplasms displayed MSH2 expression, probably as a result of the activation of other carcinogenetic pathways. MSH2 expression in one cervical precursor lesion and in one urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder could be explained by the oncogenic role of human papillomavirus and tobacco as potent carcinogens in the cervix and urothelial epithelium [ 20 , 21 ]. In the two endometrial MSH2-positive cancers, the remaining MMR proteins were also expressed, although the PCR microsatellite instability analysis results were unstable (data not shown), consistent with results previously reported [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Loss of EPCAM Immunoexpression Identifies EPCAM Deletion Carriers in MSH2-Negative Colorectal Neoplasia

Cuatrecasas

Gorostiaga

Riera

et al. 2020

Cancers

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The use of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is not included in the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening algorithm to detect Lynch syndrome (LS) patients. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that EPCAM IHC is a useful tool to guide the LS germ-line analysis when a loss of MSH2 expression was present. We retrospectively studied MSH2 and EPCAM IHC in a large series of 190 lesions composed of malignant neoplasms (102), precursor lesions of gastrointestinal (71) and extra-gastrointestinal origin (9), and benign neoplasms (8) from different organs of 71 patients suspicious of being LS due to MSH2 alterations. LS was confirmed in 68 patients, 53 with MSH2 mutations and 15 with EPCAM 3′-end deletions. Tissue microarrays were constructed with human normal tissues and their malignant counterparts to assist in the evaluation of EPCAM staining. Among 154 MSH2-negative lesions, 17 were EPCAM-negative, including 10 CRC and 7 colorectal polyps, and 5 of them showed only isolated negative glands. All lesions showing a lack of EPCAM expression belonged to patients with EPCAM 3′-end deletions. EPCAM IHC is a useful screening tool, with 100% specificity to identify LS patients due to EPCAM 3′-end deletions in MSH2-negative CRC and MSH2-negative colorectal polyps.

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“…The smokeless tobacco industry is actively engaged in the production of larger number of SLT products, which are addictive nicotine containing products 21 . Nicotine itself and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines are actively involved in the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mouth 22,23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smokeless tobacco products profile and pictorial warning labels in India: A review

Shaik¹,

Maddu²

2019

Popul. Med.

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INTRODUCTION Smokeless tobacco (SLT) companies produce different SLT brands and types that are used extensively throughout India. METHODS Within this cross-sectional pack-collection study, available information on details, composition, and profiles of various SLT products and the pictorial warning labels were collected from available retail paan shops in Ananthapur town, Andhra Pradesh, India. RESULTS SLT products are defined by specified names according to regional levels and the products of SLT have their own product constituents. The smokeless tobacco products like madhu chhap, hans chhap, and miraj were identified. The gutkha brands are in the form of khaleja and

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Tobacco-specific nitrosamines: A literature review

Cited by 107 publications

References 33 publications

Analytical Method for Measurement of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in E-Cigarette Liquid and Aerosol

Analytical Method for Measurement of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines in E-Cigarette Liquid and Aerosol

Complete Loss of EPCAM Immunoexpression Identifies EPCAM Deletion Carriers in MSH2-Negative Colorectal Neoplasia

Smokeless tobacco products profile and pictorial warning labels in India: A review

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