Together in pain: Attachment-related dyadic processes and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Ein‐Dor, Tsachi; Doron, Guy; Solomon, Zahava; Mikulincer, Mario; Shaver, Phillip R.

doi:10.1037/a0019500

Cited by 91 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…The wives describe in detail the tremendous negative effects on the following aspects of their lives: daily functioning, economic difficulties, lack of couple intimacy, poor parenthood and very little social life and leisure time. These results corroborate other studies, indicating the negative effects of the husbands' traumaon the entire family (Ben Arzi, Solomon, & Dekel, 2000;Bramsen, Van der Ploeg, & Twisk, 2002;Galovski & Lyons, 2004;Ein-Dor, Doron, Mikulincer, Solomon, & Shaver, 2010;Ray & Nanstone, 2009;Solomon et al, 2011). However, these studies mainly focused on levels of various symptoms compared to control groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Most studies that examine veterans with PTSD and the effects on the family (e.g., Ein-Dor et al, 2010;Gold et al, 2007) have not examined this period of disillusionment, or recognition. Our study suggest that this stage, which might take many months (sometime even years) is characterized by lack of understanding and information, confusions, shame and efforts to hide the husband's situation from close family members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The negative effects of the husbands' traumatic experience have been studied with regard to: the entire family (Galovski & Lyons, 2004;Gold et al, 2007;Ray & Vanstone, 2009;Wezelman, 2011), spouses and children (Ben Arzi, Solomon, & Dekel, 2000;Bramsen, Van der Ploeg, & Twisk, 2002;Dekel et al, 2005;Dirkzwager, Bramsen, Ader, & Van der Ploge, 2005;Ein-Dor, Doron, Mikulincer, Solomon, & Shaver, 2010;Waysman, Mikulincer, Solomon, & Weisenberg, 1993); wives of Israeli POWs (Dekel, 2007;Dekel & Solomon, 2006); marital relationships and parenting (Cohen, Zerach, & Solomon, 2011). These studies have indicated many negative effects of the PTSD afflicted former combat soldiers on their entire own family.…”

Section: Negative Effects Of the Combat Veteran Husband On Spouse Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conscripted without Induction Order: Wives of Former Combat Veterans with PTSD Speak

Kimhi¹,

Doron²

2013

PSYCH

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This study examines the lives of wives who are living with former combat soldiers with chronic PTSD, from the subjective perspective of the wives themselves. Structured interviews with 20 wives indicated the following main results: 1) About 2/3 of the wives reported that, for a long time, they did not know what the problem with their husband was and had no idea that it was connected to his military experience. 2) All of the wives described many negative effects of their husband's situation on daily family functioning. In most cases, the wives described their husbands as handicapped individuals who could do very few things that are usually associated with normal family functioning. 3) Most wives described their husbands as "absent-present": The husband was present physically but would often detach himself from everyone around him. 4) Most wives reported suffering from anxieties of all kinds and other symptoms, which also characterized their husbands. Study results are discussed in light of relevant theories.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Negative Effects Of the Combat Veteran Husband On Spouse Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conscripted without Induction Order: Wives of Former Combat Veterans with PTSD Speak

Kimhi¹,

Doron²

2013

PSYCH

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“…Although talking is often the first step toward integration and healing, "mistrust" of those who have not served in the military (Danish & Antonides, 2009) makes it less likely that combat veterans will be willing to talk about their most difficult war experiences with a therapist who is not a veteran. The forces of stigma and isolation thus combine to trap veterans in the avoidant coping practices that so many of them rely onpractices that can augment and sustain the feelings of distress and sorrow that they are meant to suppress (Ein-Dor, Doron, Solomon, Mikulincer, & Shaver, 2010;Romero et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Veterans’ Perspectives on the Psychosocial Impact of Killing in War

Purcell

Koenig

Bosch

et al. 2016

The Counseling Psychologist

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Based on focus group and individual interviews with 26 combat veterans, this qualitative thematic analysis examines the psychosocial and interpersonal consequences of killing in war. It describes the consequences that veterans identify as most relevant in their lives, including postwar changes in emotions, cognitions, relationships, and identity. Furthermore, it illustrates the linked psychological and social dimensions of those consequences—namely, how the impact of killing in war is rooted in the unique perspectives, actions, and experiences of individual veterans, as well as the social worlds they confront upon returning from war. We found that, for many veterans, killing provokes a moral conflict with a lasting impact on their sense of self, spirituality, and relationships with others. In working with combat veterans, mental health professionals should be sensitive to the complexities of discussing killing and attuned to the psychosocial challenges veterans may face after taking a life in war.

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“…Family systems and attachment-informed research is available on military families, especially American veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars (Pemberton, Kramer, Borrego, & Owen, 2013; Riggs & Riggs, 2011) and Israeli soldiers, veterans, and prisoners of war (Cohen, Zerach, & Solomon, 2011; Ein-Dor, Doron, Solomon, Mikulincer, & Shaver, 2010; Zerach, Greene, Ein-Dor, & Solomon, 2012). These studies found negative family dynamics, especially when the veteran parents had PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

Punamäki

Qouta²,

Peltonen

2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Trauma affects the family unit as a whole; however, most existing research uses individual or, at most, dyadic approaches to analyse families with histories of trauma. Objective: This study aims to identify potentially distinct family types according to attachment, parenting, and sibling relations, to analyse how these family types differ with respect to war trauma, and to explore how children’s mental health and cognitive processing differ across these family types. Method: Participants included Palestinian mothers and fathers (N = 325) and their children (one per family; 49.4% girls; 10–13 years old; mean ± SD age = 11.35 ± 0.57 years) after the Gaza War of 2008–2009. Both parents reported their exposure to war trauma, secure attachment availability, and parenting practices, as well as the target child’s internalizing and externalizing symptoms [Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)]. Children reported their symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (on the Children’s Revised Impact Event Scale), depression (Birleson), and SDQ, as well as their post-traumatic cognitions (Children’s Post Traumatic Cognitions Inventory). Results: A cluster analysis identified four family types. The largest type reflected secure attachment and optimal relationships (security and positive family relationships, 36.2%, n = 102), and the smallest exhibited insecurity and problematic relationships (insecurity and negative family relationships, 15.6%; n = 44). Further, families with discrepant experiences (23.0%; n = 65) and moderate security and neutral relationships (25.2%; n = 71) emerged. The insecurity and negative relationships family type showed higher levels of war trauma; internalizing, externalizing, and depressive symptoms among children; and dysfunctional post-traumatic cognitions than other family types. Conclusion: The family systems approach to mental health is warranted in war conditions, and therapeutic interventions for children should, thus, also involve parents and siblings. Knowledge of unique family attachment patterns is fruitful for tailoring therapeutic treatments and preventive interventions for war-affected children and families.

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Together in pain: Attachment-related dyadic processes and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Cited by 91 publications

References 82 publications

Conscripted without Induction Order: Wives of Former Combat Veterans with PTSD Speak

Conscripted without Induction Order: Wives of Former Combat Veterans with PTSD Speak

Veterans’ Perspectives on the Psychosocial Impact of Killing in War

Family systems approach to attachment relations, war trauma, and mental health among Palestinian children and parents

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