Tolerance of the lumbar spine to shear: A review and recommended exposure limits

Gallagher, Sean; Marras, William S.

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2012.08.009

Cited by 161 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For forward shear forces, the same line of reasoning holds, although for crate lifting with hand support forward shear forces were still higher than the recommended threshold of 1000N (Gallagher and Marras, 2012). However, absolute shear force estimates should be treated even more cautiously than compression forces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Supporting the upper body with the hand on the thigh reduces back loading during lifting

Kingma

Faber

Dieën

2016

Journal of Biomechanics

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a b s t r a c tWhen picking objects from the floor, low back pain patients often tend to support the upper body by leaning with one hand on a thigh. While this strategy may reduce back load, this has not yet been assessed, probably due to the difficulty of measuring the forces between hand and thigh.Ten healthy male subjects lifted a pencil and a crate from the floor, with four lifting techniques (free, squat, stoop and a Weight Lifters Technique (WLT)), each of which was performed with and without supporting with one hand on the thigh. A six Degrees of Freedom force transducer, with a comfortable surface to support the hand on, was mounted just above the subject's left knee. Hand forces, ground reaction forces, full body kinematics, and trunk EMG were measured. Using inverse dynamics and taking the forces between hand and thigh into account, we calculated 3D L5S1 joint moments, and subsequently estimated spine forces using an EMG-assisted trunk model.For lifting a pencil, hand support reduced average peak total moments by 17-25%, dependent on lifting technique. For crate lifting, hand support reduced total moments by 13-19% compared with onehanded lifting and by 14 À 26% compared to two-handed lifting. Hand support slightly increased asymmetric motions and caused a substantial increase in asymmetric moments in crate lifting. For compression forces, reductions (up to 28%) were seen in all techniques except in stoop lifts. It is concluded that leaning with a hand on the thigh can lead to substantial reductions of low back loading during lifting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Supporting the upper body with the hand on the thigh reduces back loading during lifting

Kingma

Faber

Dieën

2016

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…However, a lack of literature on the exposure levels of the shear force in relation to incidence of LBDs does not allow us to make any implications from the current study's results. Although a review study [Gallagher and Marras, 2012] on the L4/L5 shear force suggests a permissible limit of 1,000 N for infrequent tasks and 700 N for repeated tasks, this suggestion needs to be validated with more empirical data, especially from epidemiological research. Nevertheless, the small shear forces (all data <54 lbs.)…”

Section: Interpretations Of the Lbd Risk Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bag handling assist controls for airport screening processes.

2014

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“…L4-L5). [25][26][27]. This analysis was carried out for force calculation on the L4-L5 spinal segment for all three percentile user group of both genders for a load of 1 kg at the intermittent stage and compared with the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) limit as shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Biomechanical Approach In L4-l5 Spinal Segmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through this approach, chosen CATIA software for RULA assessment and biomechanics single action analysis for a peak joint moment, compression force on the spine and shear force on the lumbar spine (i.e. L4-L5) [25][26][27] to analyse the posture of the targeted user group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergonomic Design Improvement of Pedal Thresher: An Approach Combining Digital Human Modelling and Response Surface Analysis

Sm¹,

Patel²,

Kn³

2017

J Ergonomics

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Tolerance of the lumbar spine to shear: A review and recommended exposure limits

Cited by 161 publications

References 17 publications

Supporting the upper body with the hand on the thigh reduces back loading during lifting

Supporting the upper body with the hand on the thigh reduces back loading during lifting

Bag handling assist controls for airport screening processes.

Ergonomic Design Improvement of Pedal Thresher: An Approach Combining Digital Human Modelling and Response Surface Analysis

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