Toll-like receptor 5 and the emerging role of bacteria in carcinogenesis

Kauppila, Joonas H.; Mattila, A.; Karttunen, Tuomo J.; Salo, Tuula

doi:10.4161/onci.23620

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Scientific reports also show Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum can promote tumor progression by activating toll-like receptors (TLRs) on oral epithelial cells to upregulate the IL-6/STAT3 pathway (41). TLR activation has been linked to inflammation, cellular proliferation, invasion, and evasion of anti-tumoral immune responses, (42,43) and increased expression of TLR-5 has been observed in oral cancers (44,45). Inflammatory processes can generate free radicals and active intermediates causing oxidative/nitrosative stress that may induce DNA mutations or interfere with DNA repair mechanisms (46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease and Incident Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort

Nwizu

Marshall

Moysich

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

170

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Background Periodontal pathogens have been isolated from pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions and also shown to promote a pro-carcinogenic microenvironment. Few studies have examined periodontal disease as a risk factor for total cancer and none has focused on older women. We examined whether periodontal disease is associated with incident cancer among postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study. Methods Our prospective cohort study comprised 65,869 women, aged 54–86 years. Periodontal disease information was obtained via self-report questionnaires administered between 1999 and 2003, while ascertainment of cancer outcomes occurred through September 2013, with a maximum follow-up period of 15 years. Physician-adjudicated incident total cancer were the main outcomes and site-specific cancers were secondary outcomes. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression. All analyses were conducted two-sided. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.32 years, 7,149 cancers were identified. Periodontal disease history was associated with increased total cancer risk [multivariable adjusted HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08–1.20]; findings were similar in analyses limited to 34,097 never smokers [HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04–1.22]. Associations were observed for breast [HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.23]; lung [HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.14–1.51]; esophagus [HR 3.28, 95% CI 1.64–6.53]; gallbladder [HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.01–2.95]; and melanoma skin [HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02–1.48] cancers; Stomach cancer was borderline [HR 1.58, 95% CI 0.94–2.67]. Conclusions and Impact Periodontal disease increases risk of total cancer among older women, irrespective of smoking. Certain anatomic sites appear to be vulnerable and warrant further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease and Incident Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort

Nwizu

Marshall

Moysich

et al. 2017

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

170

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“…T his receptor can prov ide conditions for development and spread of cancer [30] . Kauppila et al [31] detected expression of TLR5 in cancerous sites. Results showed that compared with adjacent healthy epithelium, TLR5 in cancer cells was expressed by basal layer squamous cells.…”

Section: N F L U E Nc E O F O R a L M Ic R O O R G A N I S M S A Ndmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on the Relationship Between Oral Microbial Community and Tumor

Ma¹

2016

Infection International

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Significant progress was observed in studies of the relationship between oral Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer and tumors. Based on three distinct and close relationships, namely, the relationship between oral H. pylori and gastric cancer, between oral microbial communities and oral squamous cell carcinoma, and between oral microbial communities of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and tumors, this work reviews the relationship between oral microbial communities and tumors. This research also provides reference for further analysis of the relationship between oral microorganisms and tumors to realize early diagnosis of tumor patients through detecting oral microorganisms under adjuvant therapy.

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“…Some malignant cells express PRRs [439][440][441][442][443][444][445], implying that PRR agonists may not be completely devoid of intrinsic tumor-modulating functions. Nonetheless, a large body of preclinical and clinical literature indicates that the antineoplastic effects of PRR agonists stem from their ability to engage the host immune system.…”

Section: Prr Agonistsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2014

Oncotarget

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During the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in cancer patients, and many others are being investigated as standalone therapeutic interventions or combined with conventional treatments in clinical studies. Immunotherapies may be subdivided into "passive" and "active" based on their ability to engage the host immune system against cancer. Since the anticancer activity of most passive immunotherapeutics (including tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies) also relies on the host immune system, this classification does not properly reflect the complexity of the drug-host-tumor interaction. Alternatively, anticancer immunotherapeutics can be classified according to their antigen specificity. While some immunotherapies specifically target one (or a few) defined tumor-associated antigen(s), others operate in a relatively non-specific manner and boost natural or therapy-elicited anticancer immune responses of unknown and often broad specificity. Here, we propose a critical, integrated classification of anticancer immunotherapies and discuss the clinical relevance of these approaches. www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget 174. Fernandez NC, Lozier A, Flament C, Ricciardi-Castagnoli P, Bellet D, Suter M, Perricaudet M, Tursz T, Maraskovsky E, Zitvogel L. Dendritic cells directly trigger NK cell functions: cross-talk relevant in innate anti-tumor immune responses in vivo. Nat Med. 1999; 5:405-411. 175.

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Toll-like receptor 5 and the emerging role of bacteria in carcinogenesis

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Periodontal Disease and Incident Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort

Periodontal Disease and Incident Cancer Risk among Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort

Research Progress on the Relationship Between Oral Microbial Community and Tumor

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