Toll-like receptors as a key regulator of mesenchymal stem cell function: An up-to-date review

Shirjang, Solmaz; Mansoori, Behzad; Solali, Saeed; Hagh, Majid Farshdousti; Shamsasenjan, Karim

doi:10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.12.005

Cited by 88 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…In allergic asthma, the BALF almost invariably contains significant quantities of proteases . MSCs present cell surface proteins, cell‐adhesion molecules, signaling receptors, transporters, receptors, and enzymes . We hypothesized that the increased levels of proteases in the BALF may affect these MSC receptors and, consequently, MSC responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum from Asthmatic Mice Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Experimental Allergic Asthma

Abreu

Xisto

Oliveira

et al. 2018

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling, which can lead to progressive decline of lung function. Although mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown beneficial immunomodulatory properties in preclinical models of allergic asthma, effects on airway remodeling have been limited. Mounting evidence suggests that prior exposure of MSCs to specific inflammatory stimuli or environments can enhance their immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, we investigated whether stimulating MSCs with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or serum from asthmatic mice could potentiate their therapeutic properties in experimental asthma. In a house dust mite (HDM) extract asthma model in mice, unstimulated, asthmatic BALF‐stimulated, or asthmatic serum‐stimulated MSCs were administered intratracheally 24 hours after the final HDM challenge. Lung mechanics and histology; BALF protein, cellularity, and biomarker levels; and lymph‐node and bone marrow cellularity were assessed. Compared with unstimulated or BALF‐stimulated MSCs, serum‐stimulated MSCs further reduced BALF levels of interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐13, and eotaxin, total and differential cellularity in BALF, bone marrow and lymph nodes, and collagen fiber content, while increasing BALF IL‐10 levels and improving lung function. Serum stimulation led to higher MSC apoptosis, expression of various mediators (transforming growth factor‐β, interferon‐γ, IL‐10, tumor necrosis factor‐α‐stimulated gene 6 protein, indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐1, and IL‐1 receptor antagonist), and polarization of macrophages to M2 phenotype. In conclusion, asthmatic serum may be a novel strategy to potentiate therapeutic effects of MSCs in experimental asthma, leading to further reductions in both inflammation and remodeling than can be achieved with unstimulated MSCs. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:301&312

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum from Asthmatic Mice Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Experimental Allergic Asthma

Abreu

Xisto

Oliveira

et al. 2018

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

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“…The embryonic mesenchyme, or embryonic connective tissue or undifferentiated mesenchyme, is made up of star-shaped branched cells with a high mitotic rate (high reproductive capacity); they are considered as pluripotent cells because they can differentiate into several different tissues [28,29,30]. …”

Section: Origin Of the Collagens/connective Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

New Proposal to Define the Fascial System

et al. 2018

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At the beginning of the third millennium, we still do not have a definition of ‘fascia' recognized as valid by every researcher. This article attempts to give a new definition of the fascial system, including the epidermis, by comparing the mechanical-metabolic characteristics of the connective tissue and the skin. In fact, according to the latest classification deriving from the Fascia Nomenclature Committee, the outer skin layer is not considered as part of the fascial continuum. This article highlights the reasons for taking the functional characteristics of the tissue into consideration, rather than its mere structure. A brief discussion will address the questions as to what is considered as fascial tissue and from which embryonic germ layer the epidermis is formed. The notion that all the layers intersect will be highlighted, demonstrating that quoting precise definitions of tissue stratification in the living organism probably does not correspond to what happens in vivo. What we propose as a definition is not to be regarded as a point of arrival but as another departure.

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Section: Organic Dust-induced Osteoclastogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TLRs 2, 3, 4, and 9 have been identified on osteoclast precursor cells and are key to stimulating maturation, while mature osteoclasts express TLR 2 and 4 (58,59). All ten functional human TLRs, except for TLR3, use the MyD88-dependant signaling pathway once activated (58). Each TLR has specific agonist that it responds to, such as PGN (TLR2), viral ds-RNA (TLR3), LPS (TLR4), and bacterial DNA (TLR9) (58,59).…”

Section: Organic Dust-induced Osteoclastogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All ten functional human TLRs, except for TLR3, use the MyD88-dependant signaling pathway once activated (58). Each TLR has specific agonist that it responds to, such as PGN (TLR2), viral ds-RNA (TLR3), LPS (TLR4), and bacterial DNA (TLR9) (58,59). These TLRs are present on osteoclasts and act synergistically (59).…”

Section: Organic Dust-induced Osteoclastogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Inhalant Organic Dust on Bone Health

Carrington

Poole

2018

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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An agriculture organic dust extract inhalation animal model has recently linked lung injury-induced inflammation to systemic bone loss. This process is dependent upon lipopolysaccharide and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. Downstream systemic interleukin-6 is a key mediator that subsequently activates osteoclastogenesis. Age is a host factor that impacted bone disease with younger mice demonstrating increased susceptibility to bone loss following inhalant exposures as compared to older mice. Supplemental dietary vitamin D was shown to prevent organic dust-induced bone loss, but not lung disease, in animals. Recent animal studies provide new mechanistic insight into the lung-bone inflammatory axis. Host factors, diet, and lipopolysaccharide/TLR4 signaling pathways play a significant role in explaining how inhalant organic dust exposures impact bone health. These investigations might lead to specific targeted therapeutic approaches.

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Toll-like receptors as a key regulator of mesenchymal stem cell function: An up-to-date review

Cited by 88 publications

References 98 publications

Serum from Asthmatic Mice Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Experimental Allergic Asthma

Serum from Asthmatic Mice Potentiates the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Experimental Allergic Asthma

New Proposal to Define the Fascial System

The Effect of Inhalant Organic Dust on Bone Health

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