Tonic contractions allow metabolic recuperation of the adductor muscle during escape responses of giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus

Pérez, Hernán; Janssoone, Xavier; Guderley, Helga

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2008.04.006

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Effectively, the time spent in tonic contractions during the initial escape response increased in scallops fed T. iso, even though the number of phasic contractions did not change. In Placopecten magellanicus, tonic contractions allow partial metabolic recuperation of the phasic adductor muscle and are initiated only after the energetic status of the phasic adductor has declined (Pérez et al 2008). This metabolic recuperation increases the adenylate energy charge by reducing AMP levels, but leaves arginine phosphate levels unchanged.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and performance in the scallop,Argopecten purpuratus: force production during escape responses and mitochondrial oxidative capacities

Guderley

Brokordt

Cortés

et al. 2011

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-We examined whether escape response performance and mitochondrial capacities could reveal differences created by feeding scallops, Argopecten purpuratus, mono-specific algal diets composed of either Chaetoceros calcitrans or Isochrysis galbana (variety T. iso) hereafter T. iso. Before and after feeding scallops with these diets, we assessed force production in vivo to evaluate escape response performance (initial and repeat). We measured oxidative capacities of mitochondria isolated from the adductor muscle and from the male and female portions of the gonad. Initial escape response performance was reduced more by the C. calcitrans diet than by the T. iso diet. Repeat escape responses, which require aerobic recuperation, were reduced by both treatments. The oxidative capacity of mitochondria isolated from muscle and female gonad was markedly lower in scallops fed C. calcitrans than in those fed T. iso. Flux through complex I-IV and through complex IV was also lower in mitochondria from muscle of scallops fed C. calcitrans than in those fed T. iso. Muscle aerobic capacity, assessed by citrate synthase activity, was lower in scallops fed C. calcitrans than in those fed T. iso. Despite the marked differences in fatty acid (FA) composition of the algal diets, the FA composition of mitochondrial phospholipids differed little between scallops fed C. calcitrans and those fed T. iso. Both escape response behaviour and mitochondrial capacities changed with feeding mono-specific diets. The simplicity of measurements of scallop escape responses suggests this as a practical means of evaluating the status of scallops for the two monoalgal diets tested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and performance in the scallop,Argopecten purpuratus: force production during escape responses and mitochondrial oxidative capacities

Guderley

Brokordt

Cortés

et al. 2011

Aquat. Living Resour.

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“…Pecten fumatus probably used much of its phosphoarginine in its initial burst of phasic contractions, explaining the rapid fatigue. For the active scallops, A. balloti, P. magellanicus and P. fumatus, it is likely that the initiation of relatively long tonic contractions reflects depletion of phosphoarginine and a decrease in the free energy of ATP hydrolysis in the phasic adductor (Bailey et al, 2003;Pérez et al, 2008). The less active species, M. asperrima and C. gigantea, made few phasic contractions and often made prolonged tonic contractions during the initial responses to the predator.…”

Section: Initiation Of Prolonged Tonic Contractions: Metabolic Fatigumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In P. magellanicus, long tonic contractions (1min) do allow partial metabolic recovery of the phasic adductor muscle as the adenylate energy charge returns to control levels . However, replenishment of phosphoarginine takes longer (Grieshaber, 1978;Livingstone et al, 1981;Chih and Ellington, 1983;Bailey et al, 2003;Pérez et al, 2008). Comparison of force recordings of electrically stimulated versus sea star-stimulated P. magellanicus [ fig.4 in Pérez et al ] shows that short (<5s) tonic contractions are absent in electrically stimulated scallops, although prolonged tonic contractions begin at a similar time in scallops stimulated electrically and by sea stars.…”

Section: Initiation Of Prolonged Tonic Contractions: Metabolic Fatigumentioning

confidence: 99%

Swimming away or clamming up: the use of phasic and tonic adductor muscles during escape responses varies with shell morphology in scallops

Tremblay

Guderley

Himmelman

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe simple locomotor system of scallops facilitates the study of muscle use during locomotion. We compared five species of scallops with different shell morphologies to see whether shell morphology and muscle use change in parallel or whether muscle use can compensate for morphological constraints. Force recordings during escape responses revealed that the use of tonic and phasic contractions varied markedly among species. The active species, Amusium balloti, Placopecten magellanicus and Pecten fumatus, made more phasic contractions than the more sedentary species, Mimachlamys asperrima and Crassadoma gigantea. Tonic contractions varied considerably among these species, with the two more sedentary species often starting their response to the predator with a tonic contraction and the more active species using shorter tonic contractions between series of phasic contractions. Placopecten magellanicus made extensive use of short tonic contractions. Pecten fumatus mounted an intense series of phasic contractions at the start of its response, perhaps to overcome the constraints of its unfavourable shell morphology. Valve closure by the more sedentary species suggests that their shell morphology protects them against predation, whereas swimming by the more active species relies upon intense phasic contractions together with favourable shell characteristics.

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“…In addition, the Pectinidae (scallops) are unusual within bivalves in having evolved extended locomotor function in the form of swimming, known to facilitate predator evasion (e.g. Moore and Trueman, 1971;Pérez et al, 2008). Swimming is achieved by propelling water dorsally out either side of the hinge through repeated adductions of the valves (Moore and Trueman, 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The closing of the valves is performed by the adductor muscle, antagonistic to an elastic hinge ligament (Bailey and Johnston, 2005). The adductor may be divided into two regions; the smooth-fibre tonic muscle region is used for ventilation of the mantle during periods of resting, whilst the larger striated-fibre phasic muscle region, which can repeatedly and rapidly contract, is exclusively used during the escape response (Fleury et al, 2005;Pérez et al, 2008). Because of the ease with which the escape response can be recorded, we have learnt much about the muscle physiology underlying the contractile and recovery phases of the escape response and how the magnitude of the escape response relates to parameters such as stress (Jenkins and Brand, 2001), age/size Schmidt et al, 2008;Labrecque and Guderley, 2011), temperature , reproductive state (Brokordt et al, 2000a;Brokordt et al, 2000b;Kraffe et al, 2008;Pérez et al, 2009), genotype and diet .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of escape response performance in the queen scallop (Aequipecten opercularis)

Laming

Jenkins

McCarthy

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYIn order for natural selection to operate, physiological and behavioural traits must exhibit both inter-individual variability and intra-individual consistency (i.e. repeatability) in performance. In this study, we describe individual variation and temporal repeatability in the escape responses of the queen scallop, Aequipecten opercularis, and determine whether individuals exhibited consistently high or low rankings in different aspects of the escape response. Five measures of individual performance were recorded on four occasions (days 0, 2, 7 and 28), providing proxies for sensory acuity (response latency), immediate and sustained swimming performance (burst and average clap rates), and swimming endurance (total number of claps and total time spent clapping). All components of the escape response exhibited significant inter-individual variability (all P<0.0001). Escape response latency, burst clap rate, total number of claps and total duration spent clapping maintained significant repeatability over 28days (all P<0.016). Average clap rate was repeatable in the short term (2days, P<0.0001) but repeatability declined by 28days (P=0.097). Concordance analysis indicated that individuals maintained the same performance rankings over time for each component of the escape response (all P<0.001). In addition, some individuals ranked as consistently high or low performers across response latency, burst and average clap rate, and total number of claps. An individual's ability to evade predators through the provision of an escape response of an appropriate magnitude, subject to physiological, behavioural and organismal constraints, will have clear fitness-related consequences. Supplementary material available online at

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Tonic contractions allow metabolic recuperation of the adductor muscle during escape responses of giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus

Cited by 24 publications

References 25 publications

Diet and performance in the scallop,Argopecten purpuratus: force production during escape responses and mitochondrial oxidative capacities

Diet and performance in the scallop,Argopecten purpuratus: force production during escape responses and mitochondrial oxidative capacities

Swimming away or clamming up: the use of phasic and tonic adductor muscles during escape responses varies with shell morphology in scallops

Repeatability of escape response performance in the queen scallop (Aequipecten opercularis)

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