Tonotopic organization of human auditory association cortex

Cansino, Selene; Williamson, Samuel J.; Karron, Daniel B.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(94)90460-x

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, a single tonotopically organized generator in the auditory cortex should not be too readily assumed, as there is growing evidence for several sources within the auditory cortex generating the N1m (Williamson et al, 1991;Lü tkenhö ner and Steinsträter, 1998). Moreover, Cansino et al (1994) found another N1m tonotopic organization in the association cortex, although N1m might also originate from parietal (Lavikaïnen et al, 1994) or frontal (Giard et al, 1994) areas.…”

Section: Tonotopic Organization Of the Auditory Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of stimulus frequency and stimulation site on the N1m response of the human auditory cortex

et al. 2004

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the functional organization of the auditory cortex for pure tones of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 kHz. Ten subjects were tested with a whole-head magnetometer (151 channels). The location, latency and amplitude of the generators of the N1m (the main component of the response, peaking approximately at 100 ms) were explored simultaneously in the right and left hemispheres under monaural stimulation. Our results revealed that tonotopy is a rather complex functional organization of the auditory cortex. From 1 to 12 kHz, tonotopic maps were found for contralateral as well as for ipsilateral stimulation: N1m generators were found to be tonotopically organized mainly in an anterior-posterior direction in both hemispheres, whatever the stimulated ear, but also in an inferior-superior direction in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, latencies were longer in the left than in the right hemisphere. Two different representations of spectral distribution were found in the right auditory cortex: one for ipsilateral and one for contralateral stimulation.

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Section: Tonotopic Organization Of the Auditory Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of stimulus frequency and stimulation site on the N1m response of the human auditory cortex

et al. 2004

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“…Conspicuously missing from some human studies is the multiplicity of topographically organized fields one would expect on the basis of microelectrode mapping experiments in macaques. Over the past several years, several MEG studies have reported evidence for two frequency representations in posterior superior temporal cortex (Cansino et al 1994;Pantev et al 1995;Tiitinen et al 1993;Verkindt et al 1995). Recent functional MRI results obtained by Talavage and colleagues (2000) via stimulation with high-and low-pass filtered music and band-limited, amplitude-modulated noise show four separate high-frequency regions and four separate low-frequency regions.…”

Section: Physiological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Role of Auditory Cortex in Frequency Processing and Pitch Perception

Tramo

Shah

Braida

2002

Journal of Neurophysiology

112

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. Microelectrode studies in nonhuman primates and other mammals have demonstrated that many neurons in auditory cortex are excited by pure tone stimulation only when the tone's frequency lies within a narrow range of the audible spectrum. However, the effects of auditory cortex lesions in animals and humans have been interpreted as evidence against the notion that neuronal frequency selectivity is functionally relevant to frequency discrimination. Here we report psychophysical and anatomical evidence in favor of the hypothesis that fine-grained frequency resolution at the perceptual level relies on neuronal frequency selectivity in auditory cortex. An adaptive procedure was used to measure difference thresholds for pure tone frequency discrimination in five humans with focal brain lesions and eight normal controls. Only the patient with bilateral lesions of primary auditory cortex and surrounding areas showed markedly elevated frequency difference thresholds: Weber fractions for frequency direction discrimination ("higher"-"lower" pitch judgments) were about eightfold higher than Weber fractions measured in patients with unilateral lesions of auditory cortex, auditory midbrain, or dorsolateral frontal cortex; Weber fractions for frequency change discrimination ("same"-"different" pitch judgments) were about seven times higher. In contrast, pure-tone detection thresholds, difference thresholds for pure tone duration discrimination centered at 500 ms, difference thresholds for vibrotactile intensity discrimination, and judgments of visual line orientation were within normal limits or only mildly impaired following bilateral auditory cortex lesions. In light of current knowledge about the physiology and anatomy of primate auditory cortex and a review of previous lesion studies, we interpret the present results as evidence that fine-grained frequency processing at the perceptual level relies on the integrity of finely tuned neurons in auditory cortex. I N T R O D U C T I O NMany neurons in mammalian auditory cortex respond selectively to pure tone frequencies over a narrow range of the audible spectrum, and several anatomical subdivisions of auditory cortex are organized topographically with respect to frequency selectivity (for reviews, see Aitkin et al. 1984;Brugge and Reale 1985;Clarey et al. 1992;de Ribaupierre 1997;Kaas et al. 1999;Phillips et al. 1991;Schreiner 1992). On theoretical grounds, it would seem reasonable to propose that neuronal frequency selectivity at the physiological level contributes to frequency discrimination at the perceptual level. However, the functional effects of auditory cortex lesions in animals and humans have been interpreted as evidence against this hypothesis. In their authoritative review of a large number of lesion studies in the Handbook of Sensory Physiology, Neff et al. (1975) concluded, "Frequency discrimination may be learned or relearned after bilateral lesions involving all or nearly all of primary auditory cortex in animals such as the cat and monkey and in human patient...

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“…Thus, N1 is a fronto-centrally component with a peak latency of 100 ms after stimulus onset generated bilaterally mainly in the auditory cortices. Its magnetic equivalent (N1 m/N100 m; Elberling et al 1980;Hari et al 1980) originates deep within the Sylvian fissure in tonotopically organized areas (Yamamoto et al 1988;Cansino et al 1994), but also comprises secondary areas such as Heschl's gyrus, STG and planum temporale providing the major source (Papanicolaou et al 1990;Pantev et al 1995;Jääskeläinen et al 2004;Inui et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of the N1 and N2 components in auditory oddball paradigms: a systematic review with narrative analysis and suggested normative values

et al. 2014

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Auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) are widely used in diverse fields of today's neuroscience, concerning auditory processing, speech perception, language acquisition, neurodevelopment, attention and cognition in normal aging, gender, developmental, neurologic and psychiatric disorders. However, its transposition to clinical practice has remained minimal. Mainly due to scarce literature on normative data across age, wide spectrum of results, variety of auditory stimuli used and to different neuropsychological meanings of AERPs components between authors. One of the most prominent AERP components studied in last decades was N1, which reflects auditory detection and discrimination. Subsequently, N2 indicates attention allocation and phonological analysis. The simultaneous analysis of N1 and N2 elicited by feasible novelty experimental paradigms, such as auditory oddball, seems an objective method to assess central auditory processing. The aim of this systematic review was to bring forward normative values for auditory oddball N1 and N2 components across age. EBSCO, PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar were systematically searched for studies that elicited N1 and/or N2 by auditory oddball paradigm. A total of 2,764 papers were initially identified in the database, of which 19 resulted from hand search and additional references, between 1988 and 2013, last 25 years. A final total of 68 studies met the eligibility criteria with a total of 2,406 participants from control groups for N1 (age range 6.6-85 years; mean 34.42) and 1,507 for N2 (age range 9-85 years; mean 36.13). Polynomial regression analysis revealed that N1 latency decreases with aging at Fz and Cz, N1 amplitude at Cz decreases from childhood to adolescence and stabilizes after 30-40 years and at Fz the decrement finishes by 60 years and highly increases after this age. Regarding N2, latency did not covary with age but amplitude showed a significant decrement for both Cz and Fz. Results suggested reliable normative values for Cz and Fz electrode locations; however, changes in brain development and components topography over age should be considered in clinical practice.

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Tonotopic organization of human auditory association cortex

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of stimulus frequency and stimulation site on the N1m response of the human auditory cortex

Effect of stimulus frequency and stimulation site on the N1m response of the human auditory cortex

Functional Role of Auditory Cortex in Frequency Processing and Pitch Perception

The development of the N1 and N2 components in auditory oddball paradigms: a systematic review with narrative analysis and suggested normative values

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