Tools and Strategies for Sustainable Nitrogen Fertilisation of Vegetable Crops

Thompson, R.B.; Tremblay, Nicolas; Fink, M.; Gallardo, M.; Padilla, Francisco M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53626-2_2

Cited by 47 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…These observations demonstrate that the two chlorophyll meters and two reflectance sensors can be used to differentiate very different N nutrition in sweet pepper, such as the very excessive N treatment (N3) from the conventional N treatment (N2). This is notable, because proximal optical sensors have been reported to lose sensitivity and have a tendency for saturation responses under conditions of high N application (Padilla et al 2018a, c;Thompson et al 2017).…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen On Chlorophyll Meter and Canopy Reflectanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, only a minor part of applied N is recovered by crops, and the excess N is susceptible to loss to the environment where it is associated with various environmental problems (Cameron et al 2013;Padilla et al 2018b;Soto et al 2015). Optimal N fertilization of vegetable crops, in respect to both quantity and timing, would benefit appreciably from accurate assessment of crop N status (Thompson et al 2017). Traditional approaches to vegetable crop N management have been fertilizer recommendation schemes based on soil, and also on plant analysis (Fox and Walthall 2008;Schröder et al 2000; Thompson et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimal N fertilization of vegetable crops, in respect to both quantity and timing, would benefit appreciably from accurate assessment of crop N status (Thompson et al 2017). Traditional approaches to vegetable crop N management have been fertilizer recommendation schemes based on soil, and also on plant analysis (Fox and Walthall 2008;Schröder et al 2000; Thompson et al 2017). While these procedures are useful, the analyses are time-consuming, and commonly the time to obtain laboratory results prevents timely adjustments of fertilizer applications (Gianquinto et al 2011a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proximal optical sensors are a promising approach for rapid and periodic assessment of crop N status (Padilla et al 2018c;Usha and Singh 2013). Proximal optical sensors are a form of sensing in which the sensors are positioned either in contact with or close to the crop (Padilla et al 2018c; Thompson et al 2017). They can be used any time during the growth cycle or at certain phenological stages on commercial farms, require limited labor, and can be integrated with fertilizer decision making procedures (Gianquinto et al 2011a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of absolute sufficiency values for chlorophyll meters measurements (Gianquinto et al 2004(Gianquinto et al , 2006Güler et al 2006;Padilla et al 2015Padilla et al , 2017a and of vegetation indices, measured with canopy reflectance sensors (Padilla et al , 2017b, have been proposed as practical procedures to assist with N management of vegetable crops (Padilla et al 2018c;Thompson et al 2017). However, the potential value of absolute sufficiency values for crop N management may be reduced if environmental conditions influence measured values (Thompson et al 2017). Practical use of optical sensors to assist with N fertilization requires that measurements are precise and reproducible throughout the day regardless of environmental conditions (Martínez and Guiamet 2004;Oliveira and Scharf 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of time of day on measurement with chlorophyll meters and canopy reflectance sensors of different crop N status

et al. 2019

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Optical sensors are a promising approach for assessing nitrogen (N) status of vegetable crops. However, their potential may be undermined if time of day influences measurements. This study evaluated the effects of time of day and N addition on measurements, made with two chlorophyll meters, SPAD-502 and MC-100, and two active canopy reflectance sensors, GreenSeeker handheld and Crop Circle ACS-470. Three treatments (N1, deficient, N2, conventional, and N3, excessive N application) of N concentration in the nutrient solution were applied by fertigation throughout a sweet pepper crop grown in soil in a greenhouse. Time of day of 12:00 and 15:00 h had an effect on measurements made with the SPAD-502, but only in the N1 treatment, suggesting that the effects of time of day were related to crop N status. This effect was slight, being 1.7 ± 0.02 SPAD units lower at 12:00 and 15:00 h compared to at 9:00 h (relative decrease of 3.6%). For the MC-100, a slight increase in Chlorophyll Content Index (CCI) values of 3.3 ± 0.1 units (relative increase of 6.3%) was observed at 15:00 and 18:00 h, relative to CCI values at 9:00 h, regardless of N treatment. The time of day effect on chlorophyll meters appears to be negligible in relation to the wide range of values measured in greenhouse-grown sweet pepper. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, measured both with the GreenSeeker and Crop Circle, and Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, measured with the Crop Circle, were not affected by time of day in any of the N treatments, showing that these sensors and indices can be used with confidence at any time of the day.

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Section: Effect Of Nitrogen On Chlorophyll Meter and Canopy Reflectanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of time of day on measurement with chlorophyll meters and canopy reflectance sensors of different crop N status

et al. 2019

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Biodegradable plastic film mulch increases the mineralisation of organic amendments and prevents nitrate leaching during the growing season in organic vegetable production

Samphire,

Chadwick,

Jones

2024

J of Sust Agri & Env

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IntroductionOrganic vegetable production relies on inputs of organic forms of nitrogen (N). This presents a challenge as it needs to be mineralised by the soil microbial community. Difficulties matching the timing and rate of organic N amendments to crop demand could potentially lead to high rates of nitrate leaching. The use of plastic film mulch (PFM) has the potential to increase crop yield, accelerate N mineralisation, reduce rainfall infiltration and therefore N leaching. Biodegradable PFM reduces the risk of contaminating soil with plastics. Although these positive effects have been proven in major conventionally grown commodity crops, the effects of PFMs are poorly understood in organic vegetable crops, particularly in moist temperate climates prone to N losses via winter leaching.Materials & MethodsOur plot‐scale field experiment attempted to quantify the effect of biodegradable PFM on N leaching and N mineralisation in organic lettuce production in the presence and absence of biodegradable PFM. It took place in one season within a longer‐term experimental organic vegetable rotation.ResultsWe used two methods to measure the rate of carbon and N mineralisation: the buried bag method showed biodegradable PFM resulted in no additional N mineralisation; however, the ion exchange membrane method indicated an increase in N mineralisation of 30%. During heavy rainfall at the end of the growing season, nitrate leaching was observed only in the non‐PFM plots, leading to N losses equivalent to 6.3 g N m−2. This led to surplus mineral N at harvest of 18.1 g N m−2 in the PFM treatment and 8.6 g N m−2 in the corresponding unmulched plots. This did not lead to more leaching in the mulched plots in the following 6 months.ConclusionIn conclusion, our evidence supports the use of biodegradable PFMs to enhance the sustainability of organic vegetable production systems in temperate climates.

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Determination of threshold soil salinity with consideration of salinity stress alleviation by applying nitrogen in the arid region

Che

Wang

2021

Irrig Sci

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Soil salinization is a limiting factor for irrigated agriculture, and inappropriate irrigation and fertigation continues to worsen the problem, especially in arid regions. Determination of threshold soil salinity is of great environmental importance for salinity control in irrigation areas. A two consecutive year's cotton field experiment was conducted to develop the dynamic threshold soil salinity (S th ) and quantitatively evaluate the effects of applying nitrogen on salinity stress alleviation. Four irrigation amounts (75%, 100%, 125%, and 150% of crop water requirement) and four nitrogen application rates (195, 255, 315, and 375 kg ha −1 ) were applied with groundwater and brackish water irrigation to produce the dynamic soil salinity (EC 1:5 ) and mineral nitrogen (N) content pools with a wide range of values. Results showed that the EC 1:5 and soil N pools were built-up in a range of 0.16−1.68 dS m −1 and 0.3-17.9 mg kg −1 . The S th for cotton at the seedling, squaring, flower boll, and mature stages were 0.69, 0.74, 1.02, and 1.02 dS m −1 , respectively. Cotton crops presented the highest nitrogen uptake at optimal soil mineral nitrogen values of 12.7 and 16.2 mg kg −1 during the reproductive growth stage, and an appropriate nitrogen application rate increased the S th by 19−126%. In addition, the linear equations of salt-nitrogen relation were determined and used to calculate the soil N under higher soil salinity (above the S th ) for maintaining cotton production. These findings produced a new perspective to determine threshold soil salinity and mitigate soil salt suppression by nitrogen management.

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Tools and Strategies for Sustainable Nitrogen Fertilisation of Vegetable Crops

Cited by 47 publications

References 115 publications

Influence of time of day on measurement with chlorophyll meters and canopy reflectance sensors of different crop N status

Influence of time of day on measurement with chlorophyll meters and canopy reflectance sensors of different crop N status

Biodegradable plastic film mulch increases the mineralisation of organic amendments and prevents nitrate leaching during the growing season in organic vegetable production

Determination of threshold soil salinity with consideration of salinity stress alleviation by applying nitrogen in the arid region

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