Topical application of 1% ZnSO4 on oral ulcers increases the number of macrophages in normal or diabetic conditions of wistar rats

Abstract

Background: Therapy for chronic ulcer in diabetic patient is by modifying local inflammation response using drugs that acts as immunomodulator, neuromodulator and growth factors stimulator. Topical zinc is one of drug that can modifiy local inflammation response, immunostimulation or immunosuppresion. Purpose: This study was to prove about the number of macrophage in oral ulcer between normal and diabetes microscopically and the difference if treated by 1% ZnSO4 gel topically. Method: Ulcer in lower labial mucosa was made in normal and diabetic Wistar rats (induced by STZ), then applied 1% ZnSO4 gel and CMC-Na gel as control. They were decapitated in third and fifth day and specimen was made by processing lower labial mucosa Result: Microscopically, the result showed the number of macrophages in oral ulcer in diabetic condition was significantly higher than normal and the application of 1% ZnSO4 increased the number of macrophages in fifth day. Conclusion: The number of macrophages was higher in diabetic than normal condition, and was proven that topical application of 1% ZnSO4 increased the number macrophages of oral ulcer diabetic and normal condition.

A Review: Zinc as an Antivirus Alternative Treatment for Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

“…Topical zinc application on ulcers will increase the bioavailability of zinc concentrations by about 1,000-3,000 mol/l [33]. Zinc has an important role in the wound healing process, such as assisting the process of cleaning necrotic tissue, inducing MMP (Matrix Metalloproteinases) to remove necrotic tissue, and facilitating the migration of keratinocytes in the re-epithelialization process [12,33]. Zinc sulfate is recommended for the treatment of ulcers and in preventing recurrence because it has high absorption in the oral mucosa [12,33].…”

“…Zinc has an important role in the wound healing process, such as assisting the process of cleaning necrotic tissue, inducing MMP (Matrix Metalloproteinases) to remove necrotic tissue, and facilitating the migration of keratinocytes in the re-epithelialization process [12,33]. Zinc sulfate is recommended for the treatment of ulcers and in preventing recurrence because it has high absorption in the oral mucosa [12,33]. In oral HSV infection, the application of 0.5% zinc oral suspension and 1% zinc gel is effective in reducing lesions and resulting pain [12,33].…”

“…Zinc sulfate is recommended for the treatment of ulcers and in preventing recurrence because it has high absorption in the oral mucosa [12,33]. In oral HSV infection, the application of 0.5% zinc oral suspension and 1% zinc gel is effective in reducing lesions and resulting pain [12,33]. Decreasing perioral lesions and pain Application of ZnSO4 1% increases macrophage counts and clinically exhibits an early ulcus recovery in oral mucosa [33].…”

“…Macrophages function also to secrete various inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, glucocorticoids, glucose, and lipid metabolism [19]. When inflammation occurs, macrophages will migrate from monocytes to the area around the ulcer within 2 d and will remain there for approximately 5 d [19,33]. Macrophages will carry out their functions until the inflammation can be overcome.…”

“…Macrophages will carry out their functions until the inflammation can be overcome. This process occurs in 3 to 5 d and is characterized by migration and increase of fibroblasts, proliferation of endothelial cells, and then the appearance of granulation tissue [19,33]. Count of macrophages will increase with the application of 1% zinc sulfate and clinically demonstrated a faster healing process for ulcers in the oral mucosa [33].…”