Topical application of superoxide dismutase mediated by HIV-TAT peptide attenuates UVB-induced damages in human skin

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether topical application of superoxide dismutase with cell penetrating peptide (HIV-TAT) could protect against skin damage induced by UVB irradiation in humans. The permeability through stratum corneum of large proteins linked to TAT peptide was firstly confirmed by confocal microscopy and tape stripping. Ten healthy volunteers with either Fitzpatrick skin type II or III were recruited in this clinical study. TAT-SOD (300units/cm(2)) and vehicle cream were applied on two symmetric areas of both inner upper arms 1h prior to UVB irradiation. After one hour of pretreatment, subjects received 10 incremental doses of UVB on pretreated areas. 24h later, erythema, blood flow and apoptotic cells were measured. Pretreatment with TAT-SOD 1h prior to UVB radiation promoted a mean minimal erythema dose (MED) increase of 36.6±18.4% (p=0.013<0.05. n=10) compared to vehicle control. The median blood flow values of all subjects following 2 and 3-MED of UVB were 107.8±51.0units and 239.5±88.0units respectively, which account for 26% and 25% decrease with respect to vehicle groups. These data suggest that TAT-SOD significantly suppresses UVB induced erythema formation and blood flow rise. Furthermore, pretreatment with TAT-SOD 1h prior to 2-MED of UVB irradiation reduced the apoptotic sunburn cell formation by 47.6±8.6% (p<0.0001) in all subjects. Evaluating results generated from all measurements, we conclude that topical application of TAT-SOD significantly attenuates UVB-induced skin damage in man. These biological effects of TAT-SOD are probably mediated via its free radical scavenging properties, clearly differentiating it from other physical sunscreen agents.

Elaeocarpusin Inhibits Mast Cell-Mediated Allergic Inflammation

“…Thus, EL-mediated reduction in pigmentation and ear swelling that are observed in the PCA model is suggested to arise from the suppression of allergic responses. In addition, sensitization with OVA enhances IgE production in the serum, after which re-exposure to OVA initiates an allergic response through the binding of antigen and IgE-receptor complexes on the surface of mast cells ( Lim and Kim, 2014 ; Chen et al, 2016 ). In particular, hypothermia, an allergic response to OVA challenges, is caused by increased serum histamine levels ( Kim et al, 2017 ).…”

Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses

“…Accordingly, the 30 U SOD/mL of the dried melon juice concentrate SODB, administered 24 h before UV exposure, has been seen to reduce keratinocyte apoptosis [139]. Moreover, the topical application of SOD, linked with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) transactivator of transcription (TAT) domain (TAT-SOD) at 300 U/cm 2 , 1 h before UVB irradiation, was effective in preventing UVB-induced erythema formation and blood-flow rise in Fitzpatrick skin type II and III subjects [144].…”

A novel local anesthetic system: transcriptional transactivator peptide-decorated nanocarriers for skin delivery of ropivacaine

“…Various studies show that transcriptional transactivator peptide (TAT) can successfully enhance the transepidermal absorption of therapeutic molecules for the local therapy 17–19. Chen et al19 reported that superoxide dismutase mediated with HIV-TAT could penetrate through stratum corneum and effectively attenuate ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damages in human skin.…”

“…Chen et al19 reported that superoxide dismutase mediated with HIV-TAT could penetrate through stratum corneum and effectively attenuate ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damages in human skin. Furthermore, Wang et al20 reported that TAT-conjugated and octadecyl-quaternized lysine-modified chitosan polymeric liposomes effectively enhanced skin permeation, thus achieving rapid and effective local transdermal anesthetics.…”