Topographic anatomy of the mandibular nerve branches distributed on the two heads of the lateral pterygoid

Evaluating the correlation between the lateral pterygoid muscle attachment type and internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint with an emphasis on MR imaging findings

“…However, others have suggested that the LPM originates from two parts (Kim et al, 2003;Naidoo, 1996;Yang et al, 2002). Despite these reports the attachment of the lateral pterygoid muscle to the disc and to the condyle has not been clarified (Naidoo, 1996).…”

The Mandibular Nerve: The Anatomy of Nerve Injury and Entrapment

“…BN compression has been reported by a hyperactive temporalis muscle and may result in neuralgia-like paroxysmal pain (Loughner al., 1990). Kim et al (2003) found that in 8 cadavers (33.3%) the BN was entrapped within the anterior muscle fibres of the temporalis.…”

The myloglossus in a human cadaver study: common or uncommon anatomical structure?

“…About buccal nerve, innervation from this nerve alone, which is supposed to be mostly a sensory branch, suggests the presence of motor fibre within it; this should be explained as: 1) the buccal nerve arise from a common trunk with the anterior deep temporal nerve for the temporalis muscle innervation [6] and give branches for the lateral pterygoid muscle [7]; 2) the buccal nerve connects with the buccal branch of the facial nerve [15,17]. About additional innervation from hypoglossal nerve, it could have different interpretations: 1) the trigeminal branches might provide proprioception of the muscle and the hypoglossal nerve might provide motor innervation; 2) all nerves could provide motor innervation; 3) one nerve could not be functional, thus representing a rudimental remnant.…”