Topographic and temporal patterns in tree seedling establishment, growth, and survival among masting species of southern New England mixed-deciduous forests

Frey, Brent R.; Ashton, Mark S.; McKenna, John J.; Ellum, David S.; Finkral, Alex

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.069

Cited by 50 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It is also likely that this transition zone benefits from the effects of the neighboring zones, each with its own different tree species. These transition zones in a riparian environment are in fact often considered as more diversified areas as a result of their intermediate position [35,[51][52][53]. For instance, it is reported that the trees located a little further away from the channel are less vulnerable to the intensity and frequency of flood disturbances (e.g., erosion vs. sedimentation processes) [30][31][32].…”

Section: Composition and Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Composition and Diversity of Tree Populations along a Hydrological Gradient in Floodplains (Southern Québec, Canada)

Berthelot

Saint-Laurent

Gervais-Beaulac

et al. 2015

Forests

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With the current climate changes, it is essential to understand the mechanisms that govern floods and flow regimes and their effects on the dynamics of riparian forests. The aim is to assess the effects of new hydrological conditions (increase in flood frequency) on forest stands subject to frequent floods. The sampling sites (total of 94 quadrats) are located in riverine woodlands, and the choice of location corresponds to the boundaries of the flood-risk zones established by official government maps. Our study shows that there are significant differences in the composition and diversity of forest communities following differences in the flood recurrence zones. In the active floodplains (i.e., recurrence interval of 0-20 years), the tree population stands are clearly distinguished from other intermediate flood zones (interval of 20-100 years). Differences are also noted in the structure of the communities, in particular in the frequent flood zones, which are characterized by a low renewal rate, low density and less-diversified forest stands. The frequent floods risk forest stand rejuvenation and creating decline as a result of increased tree mortality and the low renewal OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 930 rate. With the expected increases in the number of flood events in the coming decades, there may be greater tree mortality and a gradual disappearance of the forest communities.

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Section: Composition and Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Composition and Diversity of Tree Populations along a Hydrological Gradient in Floodplains (Southern Québec, Canada)

Berthelot

Saint-Laurent

Gervais-Beaulac

et al. 2015

Forests

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“…Substantial seedling establishment does not ensure the subsequent renewal of the species (Gracia et al, 2001) since sapling survival may be particularly dependent on an opening of the canopy for some species such as oak (Espelta et al, 1995). A long-term study of regeneration in these forests should provide some interesting supplementary information about the spatio-temporal dynamics of this seedling bank (Frey et al, 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I). This may indicate some temporal fluctuations in species recruitment (Frey et al, 2007), perhaps due to the masting characteristic of species such as ash (Tapper, 1992). Oaks which dominate the seedling community (Tab.…”

Section: Seedling Abundance and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tree species recruitment into the forest canopy after disturbance can come from the seed rain, the seed bank in the soil or from the seedlings already established before the disturbance, i.e., the "seedling bank" (Grime, 1979), which is a kind of "advance regeneration" (Frey et al, 2007). These seedlings have * Corresponding author: m-gonzalez@enitab.fr established beneath a closed canopy and may survive in a suppressed state for several years (Streng et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the seedling bank under closed canopy, stand characteristics may partly determine seedling density and community composition by affecting seed availability through the proximity of conspecific adults (Frey et al, 2007). The dependence of seedling establishment on adult presence and/or abundance may vary between plant species according to their dispersal abilities (vector type and/or seed mass) (Grashof-Bokdam, 1997;Hewitt and Kellman, 2002;McEuen and Curran, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity of woody plant seedling banks under closed canopy in fragmented coppice forests

et al. 2008

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-• Seedling banks of woody species established under closed canopy have received little consideration in coppice forests despite their potential importance for natural regeneration.• This study aimed to evaluate the influences of canopy composition and of distance from the nearest forest edge on the abundance and species richness of the seedling bank, for different ecological groups of seedlings (age, successional status and dispersal vector) in 68 fragmented coppice stands.• Seedlings were found in 67 stands, with 19 species identified. Eight species present as older seedlings were lacking as first-year old seedlings, suggesting temporal variability of species recruitment. Seedling abundances of species with low-dispersal ability were positively correlated with the abundances of their conspecific adults. Seedling abundance of mid-successional species was negatively correlated with the distance from the nearest forest edge, while mid-to-late successional species seedling abundance presented the opposite pattern.• Our results showed that woody species were able to establish frequently under closed canopy in these fragmented coppices and form a seedling bank which may be used for natural regeneration.woody seedling bank / Quercus spp. / forest edge / Southwest France / coppices Résumé -Une banque de semis diversifiée sous canopée fermée dans des taillis fragmentés.• Peu d'études ont porté sur les banques de semis de ligneux installés sous canopée fermée dans des taillis, malgré leur importance potentielle pour la régénération naturelle.• Nous avons exploré le lien entre l'abondance et la richesse des semis de ligneux, et la composition de la canopée et la distance à la lisière la plus proche, dans 68 peuplements gérés en taillis. Les semis ont été regroupés en fonction de leur âge, et les espèces en fonction de leur mode de dispersion et de leur place a priori dans la succession forestière.• Nous avons trouvé des semis dans 67 peuplements, appartenant à 19 espèces distinctes. Huit espèces présentes sous forme de semis plus âgés, manquent sous forme de semis de l'année, suggérant une variabilité temporelle du recrutement des espèces. L'abondance des semis des espèces à dispersion limitée est corrélée à celle des adultes. L'abondance des semis des espèces post-pionnières nomades, capable de s'installer en pleine lumière, est négativement corrélée à la distance à la lisière, tandis que celle des semis des espèces post-pionnières, plus sciaphiles présente le patron opposé.• Nos résultats indiquent que plusieurs espèces de plantes ligneuses sont capables de s'établir fréquemment sous canopée fermée dans ces taillis fragmentés, formant ainsi une banque de semis potentiellement utilisable pour la régénération naturelle de ces forêts. banque de semis de plantes ligneuses / Quercus spp. / lisière forestière / Sud-Ouest de la France / taillis

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Intrinsic biotic factors and microsite conditions drive seedling survival in a species with masting reproduction

Martini

Zou

Goodale

2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Seedling recruitment following a masting event, where more fruits are produced in synchrony and intermittently compared with other species, plays a crucial role in determining species diversity and community structure. Such seedling recruitment can be superabundant, but followed by high mortality shortly thereafter. Differences in biotic factors such as seedling characteristics, competition, and herbivory, and microsite‐specific abiotic factors could determine seedling fate in space and time. In a subtropical forest in south China, for 2 years using censuses conducted every 1–2 months, we monitored 40 seed traps and 120, 1 m2 quadrats in five 1‐ha plots located from 1,400 to 1,850 m asl for the masting maple species, Acer campbellii subsp. sinense (Pax) P.C.DeJong. We measured biotic—conspecific and heterospecific seedling density, species richness, herbivory, seedling height, and leaf number—and abiotic—canopy openness, slope, and aspect—factors to assess drivers of seedling survival and evaluated A. campbellii subsp. sinense presence in the soil seed bank (SSB). The masting seed dispersal peak and seedling emergence peak occurred between October 2017 and January 2018, and May 2018, respectively. Of 688 selected seedlings, mortality was 92.7% within one year. No seeds were observed in the SSB. Seedling height and leaf number positively affected seedling survival, while seed placement as measured by aspect also showed effects on survival. Conspecific and heterospecific density and herbivory did not show any clear effect. Higher probabilities of seedling survival were found in areas with larger canopy openness (≥12% canopy gap size) and in steeper microsites (≥35°). Synthesis. Masting is mainly studied as a population‐level phenomenon from the fruiting tree perspective. Our study of individual seedling fate revealed that intrinsic biotic factors and seed placement were key drivers of survival. Although biotic determinants such as competition from conspecifics or heterospecifics or herbivory did not determine survival, their ubiquitous presence may be an underlying equalizer in community dynamics where seedlings that overcome biotic pressures, if placed at the right microsite, are at better odds at being recruited to the next life history stages.

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Topographic and temporal patterns in tree seedling establishment, growth, and survival among masting species of southern New England mixed-deciduous forests

Cited by 50 publications

References 36 publications

A Comparison of the Composition and Diversity of Tree Populations along a Hydrological Gradient in Floodplains (Southern Québec, Canada)

A Comparison of the Composition and Diversity of Tree Populations along a Hydrological Gradient in Floodplains (Southern Québec, Canada)

Diversity of woody plant seedling banks under closed canopy in fragmented coppice forests

Intrinsic biotic factors and microsite conditions drive seedling survival in a species with masting reproduction

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