Topological constraints on imbricate thrust networks, examples from the Mountain City window, Tennessee, U.S.A.

Diegel, F.A.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(86)90048-9

Cited by 57 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Emplacement of successive horses in a foreland dipping duplex may result in the earliest horse (closest to the foreland) being steepened or even overturned (e.g. Diegel, 1986) particularly if its leading branch line (at the floor thrust) is pinned at some stage after horse emplacement (Fig.3f). Bedding within such a horse is dominantly overturned and the cleavage dips either in the same direction as bedding and is steeper than bedding, or dips steeply in the opposite direction to bedding.…”

Section: Geometry Of Duplex Structuresmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These structures are an integral part of FTBs (e.g. Elliott and Johnson, 1980;Diegel, 1986;Mitra and Sussman, 1997), and are generally found in the internal portions of these belts where thrusts typically exhibit higher connectivity (Boyer and Elliott, 1982). Duplexes provide an efficient mechanism for transferring slip upward from the basal decollement into the FTB wedge and for transporting roof thrust sheets over long distances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The lesser Himalayan Duplex in Sikkim: Implications for variations in Himalayan shortening

2010

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Thrust duplexes account for large fractions of the total shortening in most fold-thrust belts (FTBs). They also provide an efficient mechanism for transferring slip upward from the basal decollement and for transporting roof thrust sheets over long distances. The Lesser Himalayan duplex (LHD) plays a prominent role in the overall evolution of the Himalayan FTB and has been described from Garhwal-Kumaon to Bhutan. In Sikkim the LHD shows unique structural geometry and has been responsible for transporting crystalline thrust sheets (MCT 1 and MCT 2) farther southward than other parts of the Himalaya. Such lateral variations in LHD geometry imply variations in the kinematic history of the Lesser Himalaya and variations in shortening and shortening history along the length of the Himalayan arc, and these are reflected in observable large scale structural patterns.

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Section: Geometry Of Duplex Structuresmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The lesser Himalayan Duplex in Sikkim: Implications for variations in Himalayan shortening

2010

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“…This again contrasts with the A domain, where the reverse disposition was normal. According to the simple geometric rule proposed by Diegel (1985), the C domain corre- sponds to a foreland-dipping imbricate section and the transitional B domain would appear as a transfer zone to a hinterland-dipping imbricate zone in the A domain (Fig. 10).…”

Section: Guezou Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonics of the Sivas Basin: The Neogene Record of the Anatolian Accretion Along the Inner Tauric Suture

Guézou

Temi̇z

Poisson

et al. 1996

International Geology Review

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The Sivas Basin extends over a major crustal structure underlying the contact zone between the Tauride and Pontide belts. The Kirsehir block, a continental crustal element lying between the main belts, introduces a subordinate suture in front of the Pontides-the Inner Tauride suture. The junction of the two main sutures occurs between Hafikand Imranli. Four structural zones have been considered. The northern basement of the basin, which includes both the Kirsehir continental crust and thrust sheets of ophiolite and pelagic sediments, forms an imbricate stack with an Eocene cover. The Eocene cover shows two distinct sequences: marine neritic and continental basalts overlying the Kirsehir basement, and deltaic and basinal deposits lying to the southeast. Southward tectonic stacking of the entire pile has occurred repeatedly since Oligocene time. The Sivas Basin proper is separated from the Kirsehir basement by the Kizilirmak Basin. This new structural unit consists of nearly undeformed, middle Miocene sandstones and conglomerates and a Pliocene lacustrine limestone.The Sivas Basin proper corresponds to a fold-and-thrust belt involving an Oligocene deltaic plain with intervening large-scale evaporitic stages and subsequent lower Miocene shallowmarine deposits. Three distinct tectonic domains are considered-(1) an eastern A domain, characterized by a hinterland of deep imbricate and rare northward thrusts; (2) a transitional B domain, corresponding to a series of lateral thrust branches propagating to the southwest; this domain later was deformed by the (3) C domain, displaying a foreland-dip type of stacking. The Caldag-Tecer-Gurlevik ridge forms a structural entity of topographic highs along the southern margin of the Sivas fold-and-thrust belt. Three Eocene-cored anticlinoria arranged along an E-W relay zone fold a passive-roof composite allochthon including ophiolitic elements together with Upper Cretaceous to Eocene limestone and conglomerate. The sole of this allochthon consists of Oligocene gypsum. The Kangal Basin, a large syncline cored by Pliocene continental deposits, corresponds to the southernmost unit. The boundary with the Caldag-Tercer-Gürlevik ridge is partially concealed by a lower Miocene continental basin, overlain by a N-vergent thrust of a lower Mesozoic limestone of the Taurus platform. If the southeastward propagation of thrusting in the Sivas thrust belt and related northward thrusts at a variety of scales is considered to represent the main thrust over the undeformed Kizilirmak basin, a comparison with modern analog structural features and analog models yields a coherent interpretation of this basin in terms of its forearc-prism evolution. At a larger scale, the Sivas Basin should be considered as a piggyback basin developed along the northward-rotated rear of the Tauride wedge and the synchronous southward thrusting of the Kirsehir-Pontide wedge. At least in early Miocene time, the Inner Tauride and Erzincan sutures corresponded to a single intracontinental thrust zone along which part of t...

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“…The presence of a bedding-parallel detachment within the Late Triassic evaporites at the base of the sedimentary cover, and the consequent assumption of a thin-skinned deformation style, permits to estimate the locations (branch points) where thrust ramps branch off the sole thrust (terminology after Hossack 1983, andDiegel 1986). Similar to thrust ramps, the restored branch points also occur in the vicinities of the main synsedimentary normal faults, their position being systematically hindward (i.e., westward) with respect to these structures.…”

Section: Kinematic Deformation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of pre-existing normal faults on thrust ramp development: An example from the northern Apennines, Italy

Tavarnelli

1996

Geol Rundsch

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The Umbria-Marche foreland fold-andthrust belt in the northern Apennines of Italy provides excellent evidence to test the hypothesis of synsedimentary-structural control on thrust ramp development. This orogenic belt consists of platform and pelagic carbonates, Late Triassic to Miocene in age, whose deposition was controlled by significant synsedimentary extension. Normal faulting, mainly active from Jurassic through Late Cretaceous-Paleogene time, resulted in significant lateral thickness variability within the related stratigraphic sequences. By Late Miocene time the sedimentary cover was detached from the underlying basement and was deformed by east-verging folds and west-dipping thrusts. Two restored balanced cross sections through the southernmost part of the belt show a coincidence between the early synsedimentary normal faults and the late thrust fault ramps. These evidences suggest that synsedimentary tectonic structures, such as faults and the related lithological lateral changes, can be regarded as mechanically important controlling factors in the process of thrust ramp development during positive tectonic inversion processes.

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Topological constraints on imbricate thrust networks, examples from the Mountain City window, Tennessee, U.S.A.

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

The lesser Himalayan Duplex in Sikkim: Implications for variations in Himalayan shortening

The lesser Himalayan Duplex in Sikkim: Implications for variations in Himalayan shortening

Tectonics of the Sivas Basin: The Neogene Record of the Anatolian Accretion Along the Inner Tauric Suture

The effects of pre-existing normal faults on thrust ramp development: An example from the northern Apennines, Italy

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