Topology of the body representation in somatosensory area I of primates.

Werner, Gerhard; Whitsel, B L

doi:10.1152/jn.1968.31.6.856

Cited by 131 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…area 3b. The distal aspect of a finger, for example, is represented ventrally in a V PL lamella and anteriorly in area 3b; the proximal aspect is represented dorsally in a V PL lamella and posteriorly in area 3b (Powell and Mountcastle, 1959;Poggio and Mountcastle, 1963;Werner and Whitsel, 1968;Nelson et al, 1980;Kaas et al, 1984;Manger et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detailed somatotopic representation demonstrable physiologically in the primate somatosensory cortex (Powell and Mountcastle, 1959;Werner and Whitsel, 1968;Nelson et al, 1980) is subject to activity-dependent expansions and contractions that can occur under the influence of behavioral or surgical manipulations of peripheral input C lark et al, 1988;Jenkins et al, 1990;Recanzone et al, 1992;Wall et al, 1992;Florence et al, 1994). The rapidity with which changes occur implies a considerable degree of divergence of preexisting thalamocortical and, potentially, of ascending brainstem connections.…”

Section: Abstract: Ventral Posterior Nucleus; Area 3b; Cortical Plasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extensive Divergence and Convergence in the Thalamocortical Projection to Monkey Somatosensory Cortex

et al. 1998

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This study examined the extent of thalamocortical divergence as a potential determinant of activity-dependent representational plasticity in area 3b of adult monkey somatosensory cortex. Single or paired injections of anterogradely transported tracers, of varying anteroposterior extent, were made horizontally from behind in defined parts of the body representation in the ventral posterior lateral (VPL) and/or ventral posterior medial (VPM) thalamic nuclei, and the distribution and density of labeled thalamocortical terminations were mapped in cortex. Injections of increasing size in any dimension of VPL or VPM resulted in increasing accumulation of labeled terminals within the region of projection, implying extensive convergence of individual axons. Anteroposteriorly elongated injections labeled mediolaterally extended but anteroposteriorly restricted zones in cortex. Dorsoventral placement of an injection in VPL or VPM determined anteroposterior location of labeling in cortex.Dual injections separated mediolaterally or dorsoventrally by ϳ1 mm, and in different parts of the thalamic body or head-face representation gave rise to labeled thalamocortical terminations that overlapped extensively. For injection sites at different anteroposterior levels in VPL or VPM, the area of cortical convergence was related to their extent of anteroposterior coincidence. Labeled terminations arising from injections in immediately adjacent parts of VPL and VPM did not overlap in cortex.The extent of thalamocortical divergence and convergence revealed by these experiments is greater than that predictable from labeling of single axons and is sufficiently great to account for representational plasticity that exceeds the 1.5 mm cortical "distance limit."

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Abstract: Ventral Posterior Nucleus; Area 3b; Cortical Plasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extensive Divergence and Convergence in the Thalamocortical Projection to Monkey Somatosensory Cortex

et al. 1998

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“…1971) auditory (Lorente de No, 1936;Merzenich et ul., 19751, somatosensory (Woolsey er al., 1942;Werner, 1970) and olfactory (Moulton, 1976) systems are organized in terms of orderly spatial projections of a peripheral receptor mosaic to more central processing sites. Embedded within this "receptotopic structure" is the detailed, local neurophysioIogical processing that results in the existence of well-defined neuronul "trigger features".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational anatomy and functional architecture of striate cortex: A spatial mapping approach to perceptual coding

1980

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“…This robustness despite of noise which is also remarkable about DNA and embryological differentiation is the very signature of the KB, since in its in-formational Hadamard matrix representation, one of its main properties is the fact that it is used as a basis for digital communications due to its robustness (Ahmed and Rao, 1975). This robustness to the influence of noise is apparent also in the KB topographic map of the sensorium in the human body (Rapoport, 2011b, Werner, 1968 and the visual recognition of arbitrary patterns that show an intrinsic universal gestalt, which is the KB (Ghrist, 2010;Carlson, 2009). …”

Section: Non-orientable Self-referentialmentioning

confidence: 97%

Surmounting the Cartesian Cut: Klein Bottle Logophysics, The Dirac Algebra and the Genetic Code

Rapoport¹

2011

Neuroquantology

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We reintroduce the Klein Bottle (KB) logophysics at the foundations of the unification of quantum geometry, cell biology, embryology and evolution, to extend it to the genetic code and allosteric recognition. We find that the genetic code has three possible fractal topologies: two different families of KBs embedded in HyperKBs, or still a 2-torus, depending which pair of three subalphabets for the genetic "letters" is chosen; this does not require the double helix. We complete the genetic codification of embryological differentiation introduced in an accompanying article. We discuss the Hadamard-KB representation of this codification and discuss its robustness and that of embryological development with respect to environmental noise. We discuss this KB codification of the 64 codons with its isomorphic representation in terms of the Dirac Algebra (DA) of Quantum Mechanics, in the Nilpotent Universal Computational Rewrite System (NUCRS), a self-referential syntax that generates much of mathematics and the fundamental symmetries of physics. We show that the double helix can be obtained from the duplication of the KB associated with the bistable perception of the tetrahedron representation of the four genetic letters. The DA and its double tetrahedron codification in NUCRS is found to be associated with a pair of superposed KBs, yielding the double 3D (space and momentum) space of physics, and the double helix of DNA, which thus appears related to a pair of KBs, being the case that only one is necessary to construct the genome. We show that the depth-time variable of visual perception materializes as space Thus, the DA is derivable from two KBs, and the purported dualism of physics as presented in NUCRS, is rendered to be based in the non-dualistic KBL. We discuss the relations with a theory of evolutions, and between biological periodicities and the KB of the Mendeleev table (Boeyens). We present relations between metacognition and the HyperKlein Bottle, and evolution in terms of time waves defining in toto the different structures. We present rudiments of the ontoepistemology of the Hyper KB Logic, its relations with the anthropic principles and the universal physical constants, which are found to be contextual.

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Topology of the body representation in somatosensory area I of primates.

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Extensive Divergence and Convergence in the Thalamocortical Projection to Monkey Somatosensory Cortex

Extensive Divergence and Convergence in the Thalamocortical Projection to Monkey Somatosensory Cortex

Computational anatomy and functional architecture of striate cortex: A spatial mapping approach to perceptual coding

Surmounting the Cartesian Cut: Klein Bottle Logophysics, The Dirac Algebra and the Genetic Code

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