Torrefaction of Various Biomass Feedstocks and Its Impact on the Reduction of Tar Produced during Pyrolysis

Konsomboon, Supatchaya; Commandré, Jean-Michel; Fukuda, Suneerat

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b04406

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Other chemicals, such as carbon dioxide, acetaldehyde, water, and 1,3-pentadiene, were produced from the decomposition of the hemicellulose and cellulose parts of TL [35]. Both fresh and waste TLs produced similar amounts of compounds except glycerin and nicotine, suggesting a negligible smoldering effect, which is also in agreement with previous studies [36,37]. The peak intensities for nicotine and glycerin on the pyrogram of waste TL were much lower than those of fresh TL due to their elimination during smoking.…”

Section: Py-gc/ms Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Chemical Feedstock Recovery via the Pyrolysis of Electronically Heated Tobacco Wastes

et al. 2021

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The pyrolysis of waste electronically heated tobacco (EHT), consisting of tobacco leaves (TL), a poly-lactic acid (PLA) filter, and a cellulose acetate (CA) filter, was investigated using thermogravimetric (TG) and pyrolyzer–gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) analysis. The pyrolytic properties of waste EHT obtained after smoking were comparable to those of fresh EHT. Although the maximum decomposition temperatures (TmaxS) of waste TL and CA were similar to those of fresh EHT components, the Tmax of waste PLA was slightly higher than that of fresh PLA due to smoldering. The Tmaxs of PLA and CA were lowered when they were co-pyrolyzed with TL due to interactions between pyrolysis intermediates. The apparent activation energies for the non-isothermal pyrolysis of waste EHT components were higher than those of fresh EHT components. Py-GC/MS analysis results indicated that considerable amounts of chemical feedstocks, such as nicotine and limonene from TL, caprolactone and lactide from PLA, and acetic acid and triacetin from CA, can be recovered by simple pyrolysis of EHT. Co-pyrolysis of TL, PLA, and CA revealed that the experimental amount of lactide was much larger than the calculated value, suggesting its synergistic formation.

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Section: Py-gc/ms Analysissupporting

confidence: 90%

Chemical Feedstock Recovery via the Pyrolysis of Electronically Heated Tobacco Wastes

et al. 2021

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“…Torrefaction is often used as a pretreatment method prior to pyrolysis/gasification to improve the quality of pyrolysis products and the yields of desired products. 9,10 The yields of H 2 and CO from the gasification of torrefied biomass increase, 11 which increases the calorific value of biogas. The decomposition of hemicellulose during torrefaction decreases the hydroxyl and O-acetyl groups in the biomass, decreasing the water and acids in bio-oil volatilized from biomass fast pyrolysis, 12,13 and the fracture of lignin side branches during high-temperature torrefaction decreases the production of phenols with side branches in bio-oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Torrefaction of Sorghum Straw Pellets in a Stationary Reactor with a Feeding Screw

et al. 2020

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The effects of temperature and rotating speed of a feeding screw on the key performance parameters (mass yield, energy yield, and energy densification index) of torrefaction in a stationary reactor with a feeding screw were studied. A comparative experiment of sorghum straw pellet torrefaction was performed on a fixed tube furnace. The results obtained from torrefaction in two reactors indicated that the increase in temperature resulted in a decrease in mass yield and energy yield. As the temperature increased, the volatile content in the solid products decreased and the fixed carbon content increased, indicating that the increase in temperature leads to a deeper degree of biomass thermal degradation. The thermal degradation characteristics of sorghum straw were supplemented by thermogravimetric experimental results measured at 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 °C/min. Compared with the fixed tube furnace, the pellets torrefied in the stationary reactor with a feeding screw were heated more uniformly due to the mechanical rotation of the feeding screw. The effect of the feeding screw on the heat transfer mechanism in the stationary reactor was analyzed based on the results of the torrefaction tests in the two reactors. The temperature distribution in the stationary reactor with a feeding screw was measured by five thermocouple measuring rods, which were evenly installed at 0.05 m to the inner pipe wall along the screw axis. It can be seen from the measured temperature profiles that the heating rate of the pellets heated in the stationary reactor with the feeding screw was variable. For the stationary reactor with the feeding screw loaded with biomass pellets, the optimal rotating speed of the feeding screw for torrefaction in the stationary reactor can be estimated by temperature and the theoretical average heating rate (HRestimation). Comparing the results obtained from the torrefaction tests and thermogravimetric experiments, it can be concluded that the optimal theoretical average heating rate is 4–4.5 °C/min.

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“…The process parameters (temperature, residence time and flow velocity) and the particle size of the used feedstock have a great influence on the process liquid and solid fraction outputs [19,38]. The process parameters (temperature and residence time) have been selected based on experimental data in order to guarantee a good compromise between obtained liquid and solid fractions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superheated Steam Torrefaction of Biomass Residues with Valorisation of Platform Chemicals—Part 1: Ecological Assessment

2022

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Within the last decade, research on torrefaction has gained increasing attention due to its ability to improve the physical properties and chemical composition of biomass residues for further energetic utilisation. While most of the research works focused on improving the energy density of the solid fraction to offer an ecological alternative to coal for energy applications, little attention was paid to the valorisation of the condensable gases as platform chemicals and its ecological relevance when compared to conventional production processes. Therefore, the present study focuses on the ecological evaluation of an innovative biorefinery concept that includes superheated steam drying and the torrefaction of biomass residues at ambient pressure, the recovery of volatiles and the valorisation/separation of several valuable platform chemicals. For a reference case and an alternative system design scenario, the ecological footprint was assessed, considering the use of different biomass residues. The results show that the newly developed process can compete with established bio-based and conventional production processes for furfural, 5-HMF and acetic acid in terms of the assessed environmental performance indicators. The requirements for further research on the synthesis of other promising platform chemicals and the necessary economic evaluation of the process were elaborated.

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Torrefaction of Various Biomass Feedstocks and Its Impact on the Reduction of Tar Produced during Pyrolysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Chemical Feedstock Recovery via the Pyrolysis of Electronically Heated Tobacco Wastes

Chemical Feedstock Recovery via the Pyrolysis of Electronically Heated Tobacco Wastes

Torrefaction of Sorghum Straw Pellets in a Stationary Reactor with a Feeding Screw

Superheated Steam Torrefaction of Biomass Residues with Valorisation of Platform Chemicals—Part 1: Ecological Assessment

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