Total Adiponectin Levels in Dyslipidemic Individuals: Relationship to Metabolic Parameters and Intima-Media Thickness

Abstract

Introduction. Adiponectin is adipocytokin with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. However, studies examining the relationship between adiponectin and cardiovascular diseases have shown inconsistent results.Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma levels of adiponectin in clinically asymptomatic subjects with various dyslipidemic phenotypes. The associations between adiponectin and risk factors for atherosclerosis, markers of insulin resistance, and the intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT) were also evaluated.Methods. 234 asymptomatic subjects were divided into four dyslipidemic phenotypes (DLP) according to apolipoprotein B (apoB) and triglycerides (TG): DLP1 (n=58, apoB<1.2 g/l and TG<1.5 mmol/l), DLP2 (n=47, apoB<1.2 g/l and TG≥1.5 mmol/l), DLP3 (n=31, apoB≥1.2 g/l and TG<1.5 mmol/l) and DLP4 (n=98, apoB≥1.2 g/l and TG≥1.5 mmol/l). DLP1 (normo-apoB/normo-TG) served as a control group.Results. Significant differences in adiponectin levels between normolipidemic phenotype -DLP1 (16.1[10.3-20.8] mg/l) and hypertriglyceridemic phenotypes -DLP2 (9.5[6.8-13.0] mg/l, p<0.01) and ] mg/l, p<0.01) after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index were found. Adiponectin correlated positively with highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), negatively with triglycerides, apoB/apoA1, highsensitivity C-reactive protein, insulin, homeostasis model assessment and waist circumference. ApoA1 and insulin were detected as independent predictors for adiponectin levels in multivariate regression analysis. Adiponectin did not correlate with IMT.Conclusions. Individuals with hypertriglyceridemic phenotypes showed decreased adiponectin levels in comparison with normolipidemic subjects. Adiponectin was associated with lipid parameters, markers of insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and visceral obesity. But no association between adiponectin and IMT was found.

Adiponectin: A Perspective Adipose Tissue Marker with Antiinflammatory and Antiaterogenic Potencial

“…On the other hand, although adiponectin is associated with many of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors and further evidence has shown that hypoadiponectinemia is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and brain infarction [45,46], recent epidemiologic studies have shown contradictory results. Some of them revealed that hyperadiponectinemia rather than hypoadiponectinemia is associated with liver cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and systemic lupus erythematosus, all of which are conditions predisposed to wasting .…”

Role of Adiponectin in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…Moreover, adiponectin isoforms differently influence the expression of lipid genes in primary human hepatocytes (PHH) [35]. Population studies have shown that HMW adiponectin negatively correlates with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein E, and is positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [36][37][38]. In obesity, the formation of adiponectin isoforms is disrupted, which leads to the development of pathological conditions [39].…”

Association of adipokines with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome including obesity and diabetes

“…In human studies, plasma adiponectin levels are negatively correlated with adiposity, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and IR, dyslipidemia and MetS, whereas levels are positively correlated with markers of insulin sensitivity (30)(31)(32). Evidence suggested that adiponectin is an important contributor to IR and MetS but the actual physiological role of adiponectin is still unclear.…”