Total Arsenic and Arsenic Species Determination in Freshwater Fish by ICP-DRC-MS and HPLC/ICP-DRC-MS Techniques

Abstract

Analytical methods for the determination of total arsenic (TAs) and arsenic species (arsenite—As(III), arsenate—As(V), monomethylarsenic acid—MMA, dimethylarsenic acid—DMA and arsenobetaine—AsB) in freshwater fish samples were developed. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with dynamic reaction cell (ICP-DRC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to ICP-DRC-MS were used for TAs and arsenic species determination, respectively. The DRC with oxygen as a reaction gas was used. Sample preparation, digestion, and extraction were optimized. Microwave assisted digestion and extraction provided good recovery and extraction efficiency. Arsenic species were fully separated in 8 min using 10 mmol L−1 of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 mmol L−1 of ammonium nitrate. Overlapping of AsB and As(III) of arsenic species in the presence of a high concentration of AsB and trace amounts of As(III) were studied. Detailed validation of analytical procedures proved the reliability of analytical measurements. Both procedures were characterized by short-term and long-term precision: 2.2% (TAs) up to 4.2% (AsB), and 3.6% (TAs) up to 7.2% (DMA), respectively. Limits of detection (LD) were in the range from 0.056 µg L−1 for TAs to 0.15 µg L−1 for As(V). Obtained recoveries were in the range of 85%–116%. Developed methods were applied to freshwater fish samples analysis.

Renal accumulation of prooxidant mineral elements and CKD in domestic cats

“…Only minute amounts of DMA and MMA were observed. As(III) and As(V), both of which are highly toxic, were not-detectable in any food, similar to previously published studies on arsenic in fish for human consumption 33 . Thus, whilst it is acknowledged that some fish-based pet foods have higher than average levels of arsenic content, despite most being within legal limits, the type of arsenic species are predominantly organic forms that are unlikely to represent any biological risk to companion animals.…”

“…Four fish-containing pet foods with high arsenic, as determined previously 30 , were selected for arsenic speciation. Purite water was used to extract arsenic species according to the procedure outlined by Komorowicz, et al 33 Here, microwave-assisted extraction of arsenic species in freshwater fish with water, as opposed to a water-methanol solution, gave the best recoveries, which ranged from 92 to 99%. In brief, 8 ml of purite water was added to each 200-300 mg sample of freeze-dried, homogenised pet foods and a fish muscle certified reference material (CRM; ERM-BB422).…”

Development and Applications of an In Situ Probe for Multi-Element High-Resolution Measurement at Soil/Sediment-Water Interface and Rice Rhizosphere

“…The solution was stirred thoroughly, and the LDH S -DGT probe was retrieved at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, and at each time point, aliquots (10 mL) of the solution were collected to determine the concentrations of the chemical species. The concentrations of S(-II) were determined via ICP-MS, whereas SO 4 2− was quantified by IC and As(III) and As(V) via HPLC-ICP-MS [30][31][32].…”

Speciation Analysis of Trace Arsenic, Mercury, Selenium and Antimony in Environmental and Biological Samples Based on Hyphenated Techniques

“…However, the introduction of ICP-MS equipped with collision/reaction cell (CRC) or dynamic reaction cell (DRC) is an effective approach to overcome these problems linked with polyatomic interferences, among which the DRC technique is introduced by using the reacting gas, such as ammonia, hydrogen, oxygen, etc. The reacting gas overcomes these interferences by atom transfer or charge transfer reactions to break the polyatomic ions into atoms or ions with different m / z [121,177,178]. For example, a DRC for spectral interferences elimination by using oxygen and ammonia as reaction gases was developed by Marcinkowska et al [178] for multielemental speciation analysis of Cr(VI), As(III) and As(V) in water by advanced hyphenated technique HPLC/ICP-DRC-MS.…”